生物进化视角下军民融合企业技术转移机制研究  

A research on the technology transfer mechanism of military-civilian integration enterprises in the perspective of biological evolution

作　　者：方炜[1,2] 郑立明 Fang Wei;Zheng Liming(School of Management,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072,Shaanxi,China;Collalorative Innovation Research Center of Shanxi Civil-Military Integration Development,Xi'an 710072,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学管理学院,陕西西安710072 [2]陕西省军民融合发展协同创新研究中心,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《科研管理》2021年第1期177-188,共12页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目:“中国特色军民融合深度发展演化机理及其实施路径研究”(18BGL020,2018.06-2021.06);西北工业大学研究生创意创新种子基金项目:“军民融合技术转移效率评价及影响因素研究-基于生物进化视角”(ZZ2019249,2018.12-2020.03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金:“军民科技融合知识转移影响因素与绩效提升路径研究”(3102019JC06,2019.07-2021.06)。

摘　　要：作为军民科技融合的重要载体,军民融合企业技术转移对于深入实施军民深度融合国家战略,加快新时代国家科技创新体系建设具有非常重要的意义。通过借鉴生物四大进化理论,厘清军民融合企业技术转移的因果回路,构建军民融合企业技术转移机制的系统动力学模型;以2012-2017年间中国A股证券市场军民融合板块下企业实际数据为基础,对其技术转移机制进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明:军民融合企业在单一技术到多种技术的发展中,技术接受数是关键变量,且对技术转让收入较为敏感;在合作联盟的过程中,政府补助相对于技术接受数和企业规模更具优势;从普通技术到核心技术的转移,研发经费投入强度的增加带来的效果比提高技术获取费用明显,且吸收创新能力随着军民融合程度的加深不断提高;环境和制度的变化中,技术接受数比企业规模对政府财政科技支出的影响更重要。The technology transfer of military-civilian integration enterprise,which is an important carrier of military-civilian science and technology integration,is of great significance in implementing of the in-depth the national strategy of military-civilian integration and accelerating the construction of national science and technology innovation system in the new era.In view of the similarity between the theory of biological evolution and the development of military-civilian integration technology transfer,the technology transfer mechanism of military-civilian integration enterprises is analogized.The mechanism is to increase corporate profits,expand scale,and achieve the generalization of advanced technology through technology transfer among enterprises,between enterprises and research institutions,or among third-party institutions.In the process of technology research and development,transfer,and application,there are environmental,institutional,financial,and human influences.According to literature analysis,it is found that the introduction of biological evolution theory is an innovative direction in the research of technology transfer mechanism of military-civilian integration enterprises,and the combination of empirical and simulation in system dynamics is an effective method to explore the key factors in the mechanism evolution process.The four major evolutionary theories of organisms are well known,from single cells to multiple cells,from simple to complex,from lower to higher,from aquatic to terrestrial.This theory is borrowed from the study of military-civilian integration,and has obtained four perspectives:military-civilian integration technology transfer from single technology to multiple technologies,simple cooperation to complex alliances,common technology to core technology,lack of regulations to policy perfection.First,based on these four perspectives,the boundaries of technology transfer between military-civilian enterprises are determined,and four key causal circuits of technology transfer between

关 键 词：军民融合 技术转移 机制仿真 生物进化 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]