车削参数对难加工材料表面粗糙度的影响及参数优化  

Effect of turning parameters on surface roughness of difficult to machine materials and parameter optimization

作　　者：王运 张昌明[1,2] 张昱 WANG Yun;ZHANG Changming;ZHANG Yu(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,汉中723000 [2]陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,汉中723000

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2021年第2期95-101,共7页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研究项目(2020GY-121);陕西理工大学研究生创新基金项目(SLGYCX1924)。

摘　　要：为了研究车削参数对难加工材料(300M钢、A100钢及TC18钛合金)表面粗糙度的影响规律以及优化车削参数,首先采用硬质合金刀具对难加工材料进行正交车削试验,依据试验结果分析车削参数对表面粗糙度的影响规律及显著性;然后构建表面粗糙度的多元线性回归模型;最后以材料最大去除率和最小表面粗糙度为评价指标,对车削参数进行多目标函数优化分析。结果表明:难加工材料的表面粗糙度随切削速度的增加而减小,随进给量的增加而增加,随背吃刀量的增加而增加,且A100钢的表面粗糙度远大于300M钢的表面粗糙度,TC18钛合金的表面粗糙度与300M钢的表面粗糙度相差较小;进给量对难加工材料表面粗糙度的影响程度最大,背吃刀量次之,切削速度对其影响程度最小。获得了难加工材料在满足不同工艺要求下的最优车削参数组合。In order to study the influence of turning parameters on the surface roughness of difficult to machine materials(300M steel,A100 steel,TC18 titanium alloy)and optimize the turning parameters.Firstly,the orthogonal turning test of difficult to machine materials was carried out with cemented carbide tools,according to the test results,the influence and significance of turning parameters on the surface roughness were analyzed.Secondly,the multiple linear regression model of the surface roughness was constructed.Finally,the optimization analysis of turning parameters by multi-objective function was carried out based on the material maximum removal rate and minimum surface roughness as evaluation indexes.The results show that the surface roughness value of difficult to machine materials decreases with the increase of cutting speed,increases with the increase of feed rate,increases with the increase of cutting depth,and the surface roughness of A100 steel is far greater than that of 300M steel,while the surface roughness of TC18 titanium alloy is slightly different from that of 300M steel.The influence of feed rate on surface roughness of difficult to machine materials is the greatest,the influence of cutting depth is the second,and the influence of cutting speed is the least.The optimal combination of turning parameters for difficult to machine materials under different process requirements was obtained.

关 键 词：300M钢 A100钢 TC18钛合金 表面粗糙度 多目标函数 

分 类 号：TG511[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]