500 m口径球面射电望远镜索网结构形态和受力分析  

Form-finding and structural behavior of cable net of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope

作　　者：朱忠义[1] 张琳[1] 王哲[1] 白光波[1] 刘传佳[1,2] 刘飞 王玮[1,4] 李庆伟 ZHU Zhongyi;ZHANG Lin;WANG Zhe;BAI Guangbo;LIU Chuanjia;LIU Fei;WANG Wei;LI Qingwei(Beijing Institute of Architectural Design,Beijing 100045,China;Hongkong Land(Wuhan)Investment and Development Co.,Ld,Wuhan 430040,China;Country Garden,Shunde 528312,China;Space Structures Research Center,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,Chinma;National Astronomical Ooservatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市建筑设计研究院有限公司,北京100045 [2]武汉瀚置实业发展有限公司,湖北武汉430040 [3]碧桂园集团,广东顺德528312 [4]浙江大学空间结构研究中心,浙江杭州310058 [5]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2021年第1期18-29,共12页Journal of Building Structures

摘　　要：500 m口径球面射电望远镜(Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope,FAST)是国家重大科技基础设施项目。口径500 m、半径300.4 m的球冠形索网是FAST反射面的主体支承结构。通过促动器的主动控制,索网可以在标准球面和不同抛物面之间转换,即索网为可主动变位的结构。针对FAST索网结构设计中由主动变位引起的形态分析和轻量化需求等问题开展研究,提出了目标位形应变补偿法,统一了球面基准态和抛物面态的形态分析方法,解决了多目标位形索网结构的形态分析问题;提出预应力优化方法,将球面基准态最大索力降低了29%;研究了索网球面基准态和抛物面态的受力性能,并与实测结果进行对比,索力吻合较好,50%以上钢索索力相对误差在5%以内。The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope( FAST) is one of China’s major science and technology infrastructure. A spherical-crown-shaped cable net,of which the aperture and radius are 500 m and300. 4 m,respectively,is adopted as the primary supporting structure of FAST’s reflector. The shape of the cable net switches between datum sphere and various paraboloids under active control of the actuators,endowing the structure with a feature of active shape changing. Various issues caused by active shape changing,including the form-finding and the structurally lightweight requirement,in the design of FAST’s cable net are investigated in this paper. A Strain Compensation Method for Objective Shape,which is capable of unifying the form-findings of the datum sphere state and the paraboloid states of the cable net,is proposed to realize the form-finding of multi-target-geometry cable net. A scheme for the pretension optimization of the cable net is put forward,by which the maximum cable force under the datum sphere state is reduced by 29%. The structural behavior of the cable net under the datum sphere state and the paraboloid states are studied. The theoretical cable forces are compared with the test results,and the deviations of more than 50% cable forces are within 5%.

关 键 词：500 m口径球面射电望远镜 球冠形索网 主动变位 多目标位形 形态分析 预应力优化 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程] TU318.1