慢性职业性铅暴露对血清谷丙转氨酶影响的流行病学研究  

Epidemiological study on association of chronic occupational lead exposure and serum alanine aminotransferase levels

作　　者：戴霞云 陈振龙 易桂林 潘志伟 DAI Xia-yun;CHEN Zhen-long;YI Gui-lin;PAN Zhi-wei(Scientific Research and Education Department,Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases,Wuhan 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市职业病防治院科教科,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2021年第1期54-57,66,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：武汉市临床医学科研项目(WG15B05);国家自然科学基金(81703203)。

摘　　要：目的分析职业性铅暴露对血清谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)的影响。方法以142名铅酸蓄电池厂作业工人为研究对象,根据作业环境中铅浓度将其分为高、低暴露组和对照组。空气中铅浓度和血铅浓度分别采用火焰原子吸收光谱法和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定,ALT水平采用速率法检测。结果高暴露组血铅水平明显高于低暴露组和对照组(P<0.001)。各组中均未发现血铅水平与2012和2015年血清ALT水平之间存在明显关联性(P>0.05)。在校正年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒和工龄后,高暴露组血铅水平每升高1μg/L,ALT的改变量升高0.08U/L(P≤0.05),低暴露组和对照组中未发现此关联性。工龄高、中分位组中血铅和ALT水平均显著高于低分位组。结论慢性职业性铅暴露可能在一定程度上会导致血清ALT水平升高。应加强铅作业工人的职业健康监护,避免长时间高浓度的铅接触。Objective To investigate the effect of chronic occupational lead exposure on the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels of workers in a lead-acid plant.Methods A total of 142workers were included in this study.The study participantswere classified into three groups:the high exposure group,low exposure group and the control group.Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine lead concentrations in the air and blood lead levels of the subjects.Rate method was used to test serum ALT levels.Results Higher blood lead levels were observed in the high group than that in the low exposure group and the control group(P<0.001).No significant associations were found between blood lead levels and serum ALT levels(all P>0.05).In addition,with adjustment for age,sex,smoking status,drinking,and employment duration,blood lead levels in 2012were significantly associated with the change of ALT from 2012to 2015.Oneμg/L increase in blood lead raised 0.08U/L of change of ALT in the high exposure group(P<0.05)but not in the low exposure group and the control group.The levels of blood lead and serum ALT were significantly higher in the highest and mid of employment duration than that in the lowest group.Conclusions Occupational lead exposure might be associated with increased serum ALT levels.More attention needs to pay to the effects of occupational lead exposure on the liver.

关 键 词：职业性铅暴露 血铅 血清谷丙转氨酶 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]