南麂列岛海域两种框型人工鱼礁水动力性能试验  

Experimental study on hydrodynamic performance of two frame-type artificial reefs in Nanji Islands waters

作　　者：叶功照 王莹 陈舜 萧云朴 俞鸿源 胡夫祥[3] 尤鑫星 宋伟华 YE Gongzhao;WANG Ying;CHEN Shun;XIAO Yunpu;YU Hongyuan;HU Fuxiang;YOU Xinxing;SONG Weihua(School of Fishery,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Equipment and Technology,Zhoushan 316000,Zhejiang,China;Pingyang County Ocean and Fishery Bureau,Pingyang 325400,Zhejiang,China;Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology,Tokyo 1080075,Japan)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江省海洋渔业装备技术研究重点试验室,浙江舟山316000 [2]浙江省平阳县海洋与渔业局,浙江平阳325400 [3]日本东京海洋大学,日本东京1080075

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2021年第1期25-32,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40876049);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY14C190005);浙江省重大项目(2018C02040)。

摘　　要：为改良南麂列岛海域投放的人工鱼礁礁体存在的沉陷、位移现象,试验研究了人工鱼礁水动力性能,并进行对比验证。采用水槽试验方法,对两种框型人工鱼礁模型在5种水流速度(0.15、0.20、0.25、0.30、0.35 m/s)和4种迎流角(0°、15°、30°、45°)条件下的阻力进行测定,并计算阻力系数。以水槽试验所测得的阻力系数,结合波流动力学理论计算两种实物礁体的水阻力、抗滑移系数和抗倾覆系数。结果显示,两种礁体的阻力均与流速呈幂函数关系,在流速v=0.35 m/s时的阻力差比值最低;两种礁体在相同流速下的阻力差比值均随冲角增大而减小;在不同流速下,两种礁体的阻力系数均在冲角θ=15°时差异最小,在θ=45°时差异最大;随着冲角和迎流速度的增加,礁体的抗滑移、抗倾覆系数逐渐减小,两种礁体在海水流速u≥5节、冲角θ≥30°时抗滑移系数<1,但抗倾覆系数始终>1.2。研究表明,改良后的框型鱼礁在稳定性方面有一定的优势。In order to improve the subsidence and displacement phenomena of artificial reef in Nanji Islands waters,the hydrodynamic performance of artificial reef was studied experimentally and verified by comparison.First,the resistance of the two frame-type artificial reef models was measured under five water velocities(0.15,0.20,0.25,0.30 and 0.35 m/s)and four incident flow angles(0°,15°,30°and 45°)using the flume test method,and the resistance coefficients were calculated;then,the resistance coefficients measured in the flume test were combined with the wave current dynamics theory to calculate the water resistance,anti-slip and anti-overturning coefficients of the two physical reefs.The results show that the resistance of the two reefs is a power function of the flow velocity,and the resistance difference between the two reefs is the lowest at the flow velocity v=0.35 m/s;the resistance difference between the two reefs at the same flow velocity decreases with the increase of the impulse angle;at different flow velocities,the resistance coefficients of the two reefs are the least different at the impulse angleθ=15°and the most different atθ=45°;with the increase of the impulse angle and the incident flow velocity,the anti-slip and anti-overturning coefficients of the reefs decrease,and the anti-slip coefficient of the two reefs is less than 1 at the seawater flow velocity u≥5 knots and the impulse angleθ≥30°,while the anti-overturning coefficient is always more than 1.2.Therefore,the improved frame-type reefs have certain advantages in stability.

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 水槽试验 阻力系数 雷诺数 抗滑移系数 抗倾覆系数 

分 类 号：S953.1[农业科学—水产养殖]