全身麻醉药的临床新用途及其作用机制研究进展  

Advances in new clinical applications and pharmacological mechanisms of general anesthetics

作　　者：沈莉 何洋 SHEN Li;HE Yang(Department of Anesthesiology,Mengyin People's Hospital,Linyi SHANDONG 276299,China;CAS Key Laboratory forReceptor Research,Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica,Chinese Academy of Sciences,SHANGHAI 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]蒙阴县人民医院麻醉科,山东临沂276299 [2]中国科学院上海药物研究所受体结构与功能重点实验室,上海201203

出　　处：《中国新药与临床杂志》2021年第1期1-7,共7页Chinese Journal of New Drugs and Clinical Remedies

摘　　要：全身麻醉药主要通过正向调控中枢γ-氨基丁酸A型受体使意识可逆性消失,是外科手术中达到理想全身麻醉状态的必须药物。随着全身麻醉药临床应用经验的积累以及新研究技术、方法的发展,其具有的一些潜在临床应用方向和线索被发现,如器官保护作用、抗肿瘤作用、抗精神病作用和抗癫痫作用。不同的全身麻醉药在药效作用和临床应用方向上存在差异,对其作用机制的深入研究和比较,不仅可为临床上合理用药提供科学性依据,也可进一步针对关键作用靶点进行药物优化和创新。General anesthetics can make consciousness disappearing reversibly by mainly acting on the GABA_A receptor, which is essential for the ideal general anesthesia during the surgery. However, with the accumulation of clinical experience and the development of new research techniques and methods, some potential clinical applications and clues, including organ protection, anti-tumor, anti-psychotic and anti-epileptic effects, were discovered. These general anesthetics show apparent differences in pharmacodynamic effects and clinical applications, and further studies and comparison on their mechanisms can not only provide scientific evidence for rational drug use, but also support further drug optimization and innovation by focusing on the key functional targets.

关 键 词：麻醉药 全身 神经保护 细胞保护 抗精神病作用 抗肿瘤活性 药理作用分子作用机制 

分 类 号：R971[医药卫生—药品]