春季翻压3种果园绿肥腐解及养分释放特征研究  

The Decomposition and Nutrient Release Characteristics of Three Kinds of Orchard Green Manures in Spring

作　　者：董浩[1,2] 于淑慧[1] 史桂芳[1] 朱国梁[1] 牟小翎[1] 曹卫东[3] Dong Hao;Yu Shuhui;Shi Guifang;Zhu Guoliang;Mu Xiaoling;Cao Weidong(Tai'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tai'an Shandong 271000;State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,College of Agronomy,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an Shandong 271018;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]泰安市农业科学研究院,山东泰安271000 [2]山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]中国农业科学研究院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第6期75-81,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22)。

摘　　要：为了研究二月兰、黑麦草、毛叶苕子3种绿肥在果园条件下的翻压腐解特性及养分释放特征,采用尼龙网袋法在苹果园进行了110天的田间腐解试验。结果表明:绿肥作为有机肥源翻压后累积腐解率能达到69.10%~76.06%,腐解过程中呈现前21天腐解较快、后期腐解缓慢并逐渐趋于平稳的趋势。碳、氮、磷、钾均在翻压后的前21天大量释放,整体养分释放率表现为钾>碳>氮>磷,试验结束时(翻压110天),碳、氮、磷、钾的累积释放率分别为76.81%~82.04%、81.06%~84.97%、72.96%~76.81%、95.39%~97.65%。与禾本科绿肥黑麦草相比,豆科绿肥毛叶苕子和十字花科绿肥二月兰具有较低的初始C/N,更易于腐解,较适宜于华北平原果园种植。To study the rot decomposition characteristics and nutrient release characteristics of three green manures of Orychophragmus violaceus L.,Lolium perenne L.and Vicia villosa Roth.under orchard condition,a 110 days field decay experiment was conducted in apple orchards using nylon net bags.The results showed that the cumulative decomposition rate of the three green manures was 69.10%-76.06%.The three green manures decomposed rapidly during 0-21 days,and then the decomposition slowed down and tended to be stable.Carbon(C),nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)released rapidly in the first 21 days.The nutrient release rates of the three green manures were potassium>carbon>nitrogen>phosphorus.At the end of the experiment(110 days),the cumulative release rate of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were 76.81%-82.04%,81.06%-84.97%,72.96%-76.81% and 95.39%-97.65%,respectively.Compared with Lolium perenne L.(gramineae green manure),Orychophragmus violaceus L.(cruciferous green manure)and Vicia villosa Roth.(leguminous green manure)had lower initial C/N,more easy to decay,and more suitable for the north China plain orchard planting.

关 键 词：二月兰 黑麦草 毛叶苕子 腐解特征 养分释放 

分 类 号：S142.1[农业科学—肥料学]