氯化铵转化新工艺的机理及条件探究  

Study on mechanism and conditions of the new process of ammonium chloride conversion

作　　者：李非[1,2,3] 周建敏 李铖钰 徐文涛 张昕玥 李欣伟 王军 纪志永[1,2,3] 赵颖颖 郭小甫[1,2,3] 袁俊生 Li Lei;Zhou Jianmin;Li Chengyu;Xu Wentao;Zhang Xinyue;Li Xinwei;Wang Jun;Ji Zhiyong;Zhao Yingying;Guo Xiaofu;Yuan Junsheng(School of Chemical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology'Engineering Research Center for Chemical Technology of the Efficient Utilization of Seawater Resources,Tianjin 300130,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Modern Marine Chemical Technology;School of Chemical Engineering,He bei University of Technology,Chemical Energy Conservation Process Integration and Resource Utilization National-Local Joint Engineering Lalwratory)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院/海水资源高效利用化工技术教育部工程研究中心,天津300130 [2]河北省现代海洋化工技术协同创新中心 [3]河北工业大学/化工学院化工节能过程集成与资源利用国家地方联合工程实验室

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2021年第3期48-53,共6页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X201910080006X);河北省自然科学基金项目(B2017202246,E2020202020);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2019048);国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFB0600504);教育部创新团队发展计划项目(IRT14R14);河北省现代海洋化工技术协同创新中心项目(冀教科[2013]37号);河北工业大学本科教育教学改革研究项目(201903020);面向新工科高校人才培养需求的创新实践教育模式的构建——以化工、海洋、环境类专业为例(2018GJJG032)。

摘　　要：针对目前纯碱产业氯化铵产能过剩的问题,提出一种氯化铵转化新思路。即以固体氯化铵和碳酸镁为原料,采用固相加热反应生成氯化镁、氨气、二氧化碳和水,其中氨气和二氧化碳可回收用于纯碱的生产。从热力学角度分析了固体氯化铵和碳酸镁的反应机理,探讨了反应温度、反应时间和配料比对氯化铵转化率的影响,进行了正交实验并确定了最优反应工艺条件,对反应产物进行了X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)表征。最佳反应条件:碳酸镁与氯化铵物质的量比为1.8∶2.0,反应温度为523 K,反应时间为120 min。在该反应条件下氯化铵转化率可达94.40%,氯化镁纯度可达工业标准。Aiming at the problem of excess capacity of ammonium chloride in soda industry,a new way of conversion of ammonium chloride was put forward.Solid ammonium chloride and magnesium carbonate were used as raw materials to produce magnesium chloride,ammonia,carbon dioxide and water by solid-state heating reaction.Ammonia and carbon dioxide can be recycled using for soda production.The reaction mechanism of solid ammonium chloride and magnesium carbonate was investigated from the thermodynamics,and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and ratio of ingredients on the conversion of ammonium chloride were discussed.The orthogonal experiment was carried out to determine the optimal reaction conditions,the products were characterized by XRD,SEM and EDS.The results show that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows:the amount-of-substance ratio of magnesium carbonate and ammonium chloride was 1.8∶2.0,the temperature was523 K and the reaction time was 120 min.Under the conditions,the conversion ratio of ammonium chloride can reach 94.40%and the purity of magnesium chloride can reach the industrial standard.

关 键 词：纯碱 氯化铵 氯化镁 反应机理 热力学 

分 类 号：TQ126.2[化学工程—无机化工]