草地贪夜蛾寄主选择性及对其生长发育的影响  

Spodoptera frugiperda: Host Selection and Effect on Its Growth and Development

作　　者：郭志祥[1] 何成兴[1] 普春晓 陈福寿[1] 尚慧[1] 番华彩[1] 白亭亭[1] 曾莉[1] Guo Zhixiang;He Chengxing;Pu Chunxiao;Chen Fushou;Shang Hui;Fan Huacai;Bai Tingting;Zeng Li(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205;Datianba Agriculture Technology Service Center,Changning Yunnan 678100)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,昆明650205 [2]昌宁县大田坝镇农业技术服务中心,云南昌宁678100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2021年第3期139-144,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家香蕉产业技术体系—香蕉害虫防控岗位(CARS—31-08);国家重点研发计划“云贵高原山地粒用玉米化肥农药减施增效综合技术集成与示范”(2018YFD0200705)。

摘　　要：旨在为草地贪夜蛾的预测预报、科学防控、适生性分析以及风险评估提供参考依据。以盆栽香蕉苗、玉米苗和草地贪夜蛾3~4龄幼虫作为试材,用室内接虫和田间自然感虫的方法,测定了选择压力和非选择压力条件下草地贪夜蛾对香蕉和玉米的危害指数、草地贪夜蛾发育历期、幼虫存活率、蛹体大小及成虫羽化率。在非选择压力条件下草地贪夜蛾主要选择危害玉米,对香蕉‘桂蕉6号’只是试探取食,接虫7天后对玉米和香蕉危害指数分别是89.05、1.58。在选择压力下草地贪夜蛾幼虫接虫3天后开始取食危害香蕉,接虫后3、5、7天危害指数分别为11.74、16.51、24.76,说明香蕉不是草地贪夜蛾适宜的寄主作物。取食香蕉的草地贪夜蛾幼虫生长缓慢、虫体小,3龄幼虫至化蛹历时9~14天,比取食玉米的草地贪夜蛾长2~4天;成虫羽化历时9~14天,比取食玉米的草地贪夜蛾长4~7天;取食香蕉明显影响草地贪夜蛾生长发育,幼虫存活率为20.0%、化蛹率68.1%、蛹体大小1.25×0.35 cm、蛹重0.13 g、成虫羽化率47.8%,明显低于取食玉米寄主的幼虫存活率为86.7%、化蛹率97.4%、蛹体大小1.57×0.5 cm、蛹重0.21 g、成虫羽化率92.0%。草地贪夜蛾在选择压力下会取食危害香蕉,危害程度相对较轻,能完成世代生活史,但生长发育速度也较慢。香蕉不是草地贪夜蛾适宜的寄主植物,但在香蕉上暴发存在一定的风险。The aims are to provide reference for the forecast, scientific control, adaptability analysis and risk assessment of Spodoptera frugiperda. Using banana seedling, maize seedling and 3 rd instar larva of S.frugiferda as experiment materials, the damage index to banana and maize, development duration, survival rate of larva, pupa size and adult emergence rate of S. frugiferda under selective and non-selective pressure were determined by indoor inoculation and natural infection. The results showed that S. frugiferda mainly damaged maize under non-selective pressure and just tasted banana cultivar‘Guijiao 6’. After 7 days of inoculation under non-selective pressure, the damage index of corn and banana was 89.05 and 1.58, respectively. Under selective pressure, the larvae of S. frugiperda began to damage banana after 3 days of inoculation. After 3, 5 and 7 days of inoculation, the damage index of banana was 11.74, 16.51 and 24.76, respectively, indicating that banana was not the suitable host for S. frugiferda. The larva of S. frugiperda feeding on banana grew slowly with a small body. The period from the third instar larva to pupa was 9-14 days which was 2-4 days longer than that of maize. The adult emergence period was 9-14 days, which was 4-7 days longer than that of maize. Feeding on banana significantly affected the growth and development of S. frugiferda. The survival rate of larva was 20.0%,the pupation rate was 68.1%, the pupa size was 1.25 × 0.35 cm, the pupa weight was 0.13 g, the adult emergence rate was 47.8%, which was significantly lower than that of maize host, with the survival rate of larva of 86.7%, the pupation rate of 97.4%, the pupa size of 1.57 × 0.5 cm, the pupa weight of 0.21 g, and the adult emergence rate of 92.0%. S. frugiperda could feed on banana with light damage degree under selective pressure, it could complete the generation life cycle with slow growth and development speed. Banana is not a suitable host plant for S. frugiferda, but there is a certain risk of S. frugiferda outbre

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 选择压力 非选择压力 危害指数 生长发育 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]