碳纤维增强微孔可燃壳体的制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Performance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Microcellular Combustible Cartridge Cases

作　　者：刘慧娜 应三九[1] 丁亚军[1,2] 顾晗 LIU Hui-na;YING San-jiu;DING Ya-jun;GU Han(School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094, China;Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210094, China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京理工大学特种能源材料教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2021年第1期96-100,共5页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.22005143);特种能源材料教育部重点实验室(南京理工大学)开放基金(No.2019SEM05);国防科技重点实验室基金(No.6142603190210)。

摘　　要：为改善以黑索金(RDX)为含能组分、二醋酸纤维素(CA)为黏结剂的可燃壳体的力学性能,在此基础配方上添加适量碳纤维(CF),然后通过超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)发泡技术制备了微孔可燃壳体;采用扫描电子显微镜和落锤冲击试验机,分别研究了发泡前后可燃壳体的断面形貌和力学性能。结果表明,添加适量的CF,可提高可燃壳体的冲击强度,且冲击强度随着CF添加量的增大而增大;当CF的质量分数为1.0%时,未发泡可燃壳体的力学性能最优,冲击强度由5.11kJ/m^(2)提高到8.20kJ/m^(2),增幅达60.47%;增大饱和压力、发泡温度和发泡时间都能够增大泡孔直径,但发泡温度高于130℃会导致泡孔合并;发泡将降低壳体的力学性能,但采用受限发泡制得的可燃壳体的冲击强度优于自由发泡法,当发泡时间为180s时,受限发泡的冲击强度由自由发泡时的5.93kJ/m^(2)升至6.34kJ/m^(2)。To improve the mechanical properties of combustible cartridge cases composed of hexogen(RDX)and cellulose acetate(CA),carbon fiber(CF)was added in the basic formulation,and the microcellular combustible cartridge cases with CF were fabricated by the supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO2)foaming technique.The inner structure of combustible cartridge cases with CF was investigated by the scanning electron microscopy,and the mechanical property was studied by impact test.The results show that the impact strength of combustible cartridge cases is improved by adding prober CF,and the impact strength increases with increasing the content of CF.The impact strength of unfoamed combustible cartridge cases increases from 5.11kJ/m^(2) to 8.20kJ/m^(2) when the content of CF is 1.0%,and the increment is 60.47%.The cell diameter increases with increasing the saturation pressures,foaming temperatures and foaming times,and the cell ruptures and collapses when temperature is higher than 130℃.The impact strength of combustible cartridge cases reduces after foaming.Compared with the sample prepared by the free foaming,the impact strength of sample prepared by the constrained foaming technology is improved from 5.93kJ/m^(2) to 6.34kJ/m^(2) when the foaming time is 180s.

关 键 词：材料科学 可燃壳体 微孔可燃壳体 碳纤维 CF 冲击强度 泡孔形貌 超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)发泡技术 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]