清远市2015-2018年5岁以下儿童死亡监测及相关因素分析  

Monitoring of deaths of children under 5 years old in Qingyuan city from 2015 to 2018 and analysis on the related factors

作　　者：沈锦红 叶敏 SHEN Jinhong;YE Min(Department of Health Care,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qingyuan City,Guangdong,Qingyuan 511500,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省清远市妇幼保健院保健部,广东清远511500

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2021年第2期171-174,共4页China Medicine And Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的通过对清远市2015—2018年5岁以下儿童死亡原因监测分析,为行政部门制定相关政策及干预措施提供依据,及时调整干预手段,进一步提高本地区的儿童保健服务水平,降低儿童死亡率。方法采用回顾性分析清远市2015—2018年5岁以下儿童死亡监测数据,以死亡率、死亡儿童性别及死因顺位为主要指标进行相关危险因素分析。结果2015—2018年5岁以下儿童死亡率呈缓慢上升趋势,2018年5岁以下儿童死亡率、婴儿死亡率、新生死亡率在2015年的基础上分别增加了1.47‰、0.96‰、0.15‰,其中,婴儿死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡比例为64.01%,新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡的比例为57.62%;2015—2018年5岁以下儿童男性死亡率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),2016年婴儿阶段男性死亡率明显高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);5岁以下儿童死因顺位为意外死亡(22.42%)、先天异常(13.57%)、早产或低出生体重(11.35%)、肺炎(10.11%)、出生窒息(9.53%);5岁以下儿童死亡前大多接受过住院治疗,占77.92%。结论5岁以下儿童死亡率呈缓慢上升趋势,为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率,各地需加强妇幼保健工作和对儿童的关注。Objective To monitor and analyze the causes of deaths of children under 5 years old in Qingyuan city from 2015 to 2018,to provide the basis for the administrative departments to formulate relevant policies and intervention measures,and to adjust intervention measures in time,so as to further improve the level of children's health care services in this area and reduce the child mortality rate.Methods The deaths monitoring data of children under 5 years old in Qingyuan city from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed retrospectively,and the related risk factors,such as the mortality rate,the gender of the dead children and the order of death causes,were analyzed as the main indexes.Results From 2015 to 2018,the mortality rate of children under 5 years old showed a slow upward trend.In 2018,the mortality rates of children under 5 years old,infant and neonatal increased by 1.47‰,0.96‰and 0.15‰respectively on the basis of 2015.Among them,infant deaths accounted for 64.01%of children under 5 years old,and neonatal deaths accounted for 57.62%of infant deaths,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).From 2015 to 2018,the mortality rate of male children under 5 years old was higher than that of female children.And in 2016,the mortality rate of male in infant stage was significantly higher than that of female in infant stage.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The order of death causes in children under 5 years old was accidental death(22.42%),congenital abnormality(13.57%),premature birth or low birth weight(11.35%),pneumonia(10.11%)and birth asphyxia(9.53%).Most of the children under 5 years old were hospitalized before they died,accounting for 77.92%.Conclusion The mortality rate of children under 5 years old shows a slow upward trend.In order to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old,all localities need to strengthen maternal and child health care services and pay attention to children.

关 键 词：5岁以下儿童 死亡原因 死亡率 相关因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]