重金属离子的电化学检测研究进展  

Research Progress of Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions

作　　者：吴倩[1] 毕洪梅 韩晓军[1] WU Qian;BI Hong-Mei;HAN Xiao-Jun(State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;College of Biological and Food Engineering,Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学化学与化工学院,城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001 [2]广东石油化工学院生物与食品工程学院,茂名525000

出　　处：《分析化学》2021年第3期330-340,共11页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFC0401104);哈尔滨市杰出青年基金项目(No.2017RAYXJ024);城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室(No.2020DX03);广东省自然科学基金项目(No.2020A1515010522);广东省普通高校特色创新项目(No.2019KTSCX109)资助。

摘　　要：重金属离子对人体健康和生态系统都具有极大危害,建立快速、便捷、准确、灵敏的重金属离子检测技术,对于保护人类健康及维护生态系统平衡具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。电化学分析方法在检测重金属离子方面具有灵敏度高、分析速度快、设备简单、便于携带等优点。对工作电极进行适当修饰是提高检测灵敏度的有效途径。无机材料、有机材料和生物材料等被广泛用于修饰电极,并在重金属离子等污染物的检测方面取得了很大发展。本文对近年来有关重金属离子的电化学检测研究进展进行了综述,着重介绍了电极的修饰材料如无机材料、有机材料及生物材料等的研究进展,对电极检测离子的线性范围和灵敏度的影响,以及各种修饰材料的优点、局限性及发展前景等做了简要阐述。Heavy metal ions are extremely harmful to human health and ecosystems.The establishment of fast,convenient,accurate and sensitive detection techniques for heavy metal ion has important theoretical and application significance for protecting human health and maintaining ecosystem balance.The electrochemical analytical method has many advantages such as high sensitivity,fast analysis speed,simple equipment,and portability in detecting heavy metal ions.The appropriate modification of the working electrode is an effective way to improve the detection sensitivity.A variety of organic and inorganic materials have been widely used to modify the working electrode for this purpose with great progresses.This article reviews recent progresses on electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions,focusing on the influence of the electrode modification of material(inorganic materials,organic materials and biological materials)on the ion detection range and sensitivity.The advantages,limitations and prospects of various modified materials are also briefly described.

关 键 词：重金属离子 检测 电化学 电极修饰 评述 

分 类 号：O657.1[理学—分析化学] X832[理学—化学]