实葶葱新叶水浸液对10种作物种子萌发的影响  

Effect of water extracts from fresh leaves of wild Allium galanthums on seed germination of ten crops

作　　者：张伟 李文静 林辰壹[1] 杨柳青 姜慧 ZHANG Wei;LI Wenjing;LIN Chenyi;YANG Liuqing;JIANG Hui(Laboratory of Germplasm Resources and Efficient Production of Horticultural Crops in Xinjiang,College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院新疆园艺作物种质资源与高效生产重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第2期112-119,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760573);新疆农业大学研究生科研创新项目(XJAUGRI2018-023);新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金项目(2016-10758-3)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究实葶葱人工驯化栽培过程中对伴生作物生长的潜在影响,为实葶葱与其他作物合理间套作及轮作倒茬制度建立提供指导。【方法】采用培养皿滤纸法,测定不同质量浓度实葶葱新叶水浸液对10种作物种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、胚根长度和胚轴长度的影响。【结果】实葶葱新叶水浸液对10种受体植物种子萌发和幼苗生长均有化感作用,其不同质量浓度水浸液对植物的化感作用强度不同。0~10 mg/mL实葶葱新叶水浸液对莴苣、芜菁、小麦和小白菜种子萌发具有促进作用,其促进效应表现为芜菁>莴苣>小麦>小白菜;对胡萝卜、番茄、洋葱、大白菜、鹰嘴豆和黄瓜种子萌发具有抑制作用,其制效应表现为胡萝卜>番茄>洋葱>大白菜>鹰嘴豆>黄瓜。【结论】实葶葱适合间套作的作物种类为芜菁、莴苣、小麦和小白菜。自然条件下,实葶葱年生活史中形成的新叶可以通过降雨、喷灌产生的淋溶等向环境中释放他感物质,进而影响农田生态系统中其他作物种子的萌发。【Objective】This study explored the potential impact of artificial domestication and cultivation of wild Allium galanthums on growth of associated crops to improve its intercropping and rotating cropping with other crops.【Method】The culture dish filter paper method was used to determine effect of water extracts from fresh leaves of wild Allium galanthums on seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,radicle length and hypocotyl length of ten crops.【Result】The aqueous extracts from new leaves of Allium galanthums had allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of 10 recipient plants,and the allelopathic effects depended on extract concentrations.The extracts at concentration of 0-10 mg/mL promoted seed germination of Lactuca sativa,Brassica rapa,Triticum aestivum,Brassica chinensis in a decreasing order of Brassica rapa>Lactuca sativa>Triticum aestivumt>Brassica chinensis.The extracts also had inhibitory effects on Daucus carota,Lycopersicon esculentum,Allium cep,Brassica pekinensis,Cicer arietinum,Cucumis sativus in a decreasing order of Daucus carota>Lycopersicon esculentum>Allium cepa>Brassica pekinensis>Cicer arietinum>Cucumis sativus.【Conclusion】Crops suitable for intercropping are Brassica rapa,Lactuca sativa,Triticum aestivumt and Brassica chinensis.Under natural conditions,new leaves of Allium galanthums can affect germination of other crop seeds in the farmland ecosystem by releasing allelopathic substances to environment through rainfall and leaching after sprinkling irrigation.

关 键 词：实葶葱 实葶葱新叶 水浸液 种子萌发 他感作用 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学] S633.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]