贵州喀斯特高原金发藓原变种(Polytrichum commune Hedw.var.commune)蒴齿水湿运动研究  

Hygroscopic Movement of Polytrichum commune Hedw.var.commune Peristome in Karst Plateau,Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：张哲旗 王智慧[1] 张朝晖[2] ZHANG Zhe-Qi;WANG Zhi-Hui;ZHANG Zhao-Hui(School of Life Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001;Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Area and Pro-tection of,Ecological Environment of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001

出　　处：《植物研究》2021年第3期458-465,共8页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31760043,31760050);贵州科技厅基金(2017-5726)。

摘　　要：为探究线齿藓类植物在水湿运动中蒴齿结构的变化及对孢子散发的影响,选取贵州喀斯特高原金发藓原变种(Polytrichum commune Hedw.var.commune)为研究对象,通过观察湿度变化下蒴齿结构差异及孢子释放规律,拟揭示水湿运动对孢子释放的影响和功能。结果显示:①湿度增加引起蒴齿间距及盖膜面积的显著增大,并在干燥时恢复。其中齿间距从8.33μm显著增加到11.53μm,同时盖膜面积扩大20%。②在连续风吹试验中,水湿运动初期孢子释放量显著提高,随蒴齿结构的恢复呈下降趋势,并最终保持在极低的孢子释放数量。同时发现,湿度增加导致孢子释放中簇孢占比的提高,并随孢子释放量的减少呈上升趋势,并在蒴齿结构恢复时达到显著差异。③通过单独对干燥期、水湿运动初期及蒴齿结构恢复期进行风吹试验发现,水湿运动初期孢子释放量显著高于干燥期和蒴齿结构再恢复期。当蒴齿结构恢复时,由于簇孢占比的提高,孢子的释放数量仍能显著高于干燥期。本研究表明在水湿运动中金发藓原变种蒴齿结构发生改变,进而显著提高孢子的释放量,并在蒴齿结构恢复时仍能保持高于干燥时的孢子释放能力,这对该物种的传播及繁衍具有积极的意义。The investigation of the peristome of vapour-wind dispersal type mosses were found sensitive tohumidity.The structure of peristome changed at different humidity,which played an important role in therelease of spores.The Polytrichum commune Hedw.var.commune of Karst plateau,Guizhou Province wasselected as the research object,and the difference of the structure of peristome and the release rule of sporeunder the change of humidity were observed.In order to reveal the influence and function of the hygroscopicmovement on the spore release.The results showed that:(1)When the humidity was increased,the sizes ofperistome structure and epiphragm were increased significantly,then recovered when the humidity dried again.The space between peristome increased significantly from 8.33 to 11.53μm,and the area of epiphragm wasincreased by 20%.(2)In the experiment of continuous wind blowing,the quantity of spores released during theinitial period of the hygroscopic movement was increased significantly,then decreased with the recovery of theperistome structure,and kept at a very low quantity at last.As the humidity was increased,the percentage ofcluster spores in the released spores was increased,and increased with the decrease of the released spores,andreached significant difference when the peristome structure recovered.(3)The wind experiments were carried outat the dry stage,the initial stage of the hygroscopic movement and the peristome structure in the recovery stagerespectively,the quantity of spores released at the initial stage of the hygroscopic movement was significantlyhigher than that at the dry and re-recovery stages of the peristome structure,however,when the structure ofperistome was restored,the released quantity of spores was still higher than that of dry spores due to theincrease of the percentage of cluster spores.Thus,the structure of P.commune Hedw.var.commune peristomechanged during the hygroscopic movement,and when the structure of peristome was restored,the ability ofreleasing spores was still higher than

关 键 词：水湿运动 蒴齿 盖膜 簇孢 金发藓科 

分 类 号：Q914.84[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]