裂点的河流地貌演变效应及铁路选线原则  

Effect of Knickpoint on River Landform Evolution and Principles of Railway Route Selection

作　　者：苏玥 姚令侃[1,2,3] 魏永幸[4] 黄艺丹[1,2,3] SARFRAZ Ali SU Yue;YAO Lingkan;WEI Yongxing;HUANG Yidan;SARFRAZ Ali(College of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;MOE Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering,Chengdu 610031,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Land Traffic Geological Disaster Prevention Technology,Chengdu 610031,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)College of Civil Engineering,Pakistan 24080)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031 [3]西南交通大学陆地交通地质灾害防治技术国家工程实验室,成都610031 [4]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [5]National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)College of Civil Engineering,Pakistan 24080

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2021年第2期13-19,共7页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41571004,41902302);四川省重点研发项目(2019YFG0001,20GJHZ0205);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科研项目“喜马拉雅造山带跨境铁路减灾选线关键问题研究”。

摘　　要：拟建中巴铁路是我国"一带一路"倡议中南下通道的重要组成部分。中巴铁路廊道位于喜马拉雅、喀喇昆仑、兴都库什三大山系的交汇区,裂点分布密集,类型齐全。为了增强对裂点地貌效应的认识并合理利用,以中巴经济走廊红其拉普—塔科特段为研究区,首先基于铁路选线对地貌观测尺度的需求,提出了裂点规模的判据并建立了不同类型裂点的判识方法;然后通过对裂点上下游山地灾害数量的对比,证实了裂点上游河段更稳定的规律;最后基于不同类型裂点河流地貌演变效应的分析,提出构造型裂点上游的河流相基座阶地、滑坡型裂点形成的淤积地貌均为铁路布线的良好地形,对于冰川型裂点形成的开阔地形,须确认属小冰期冰川未到达的区域方可利用。The proposed China-Pakistan Railway is an important part of the southbound corridor of China’s"Belt and Road Initiative".The China-Pakistan Railway Corridor is located at the intersection of the three mountain ranges of the Himalayas,Karakorum,and Hindu Kush,where knickpoints are densely distributed with complete types.In order to enhance the understanding of the geomorphic effect of the knickpoint and use it reasonably,the Khunjerab-Thakot section of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is selected as the research area.First,based on the requirements of railway route selection for the geomorphological observation scale,a criterion for the size of the knickpoint is proposed,and the identification methods of different types of knickpoints are established.Then,by comparing the number of mountain disasters of the knickpoints in the upstream and downstream,the law of the more stable upper reaches of the knickpoints is confirmed.Finally,based on the analysis of the effects of different types of knickpoints on the landform evolution,it is proposed that the fluvial facies basement terraces upstream of the tectonic knickpoints and the sedimentary landforms formed by landslide knickpoints are good terrain for railway routing.For the open terrain formed by glacial knickpoints,it must be confirmed that only the area,where glaciers did not reach during the Little Ice Age,can be used.

关 键 词：裂点 地貌演变 中巴铁路 铁路选线 冰川作用 强隆升作用 

分 类 号：U212.32[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] P931.4[天文地球—自然地理学]