天皇海山典型分布经济鱼种研究进展  

Research progress on typical commercial fish species (Pseudopentaceros wheeleri and Beryx splendens) distributed in the Emperor Seamount

作　　者：杨嘉樑[1] 李灵智[1] 饶欣[1] 刘健[1] 屈泰春[1] 黄洪亮[1] YANG Jialiang;LI Lingzhi;RAO Xin;LIU Jian;QU Taichun;HUANG Hongliang(Key laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《渔业信息与战略》2021年第1期32-39,共8页Fishery Information & Strategy

基　　金：科技部基础资源调查专项(2017FY100804)。

摘　　要：海山渔场的形成主要受到上升流、水平海流及地形等外在因素影响。天皇海山海域作为曾经渔获产量较高的渔场,渔获物中的典型代表经济鱼种主要为大洋拟五棘鲷(Pseudopentaceros wheeleri)和红金眼鲷(Beryx splendens)。通过回顾天皇海山海域内分布的大洋拟五棘鲷及红金眼鲷在生物学上的分类、食性、繁殖情况、生长特征和分布特征等内容,同时根据一般海山渔业中渔场形成的机制,结合天皇海山这两种主要鱼类的实际捕捞作业模式,研究认为天皇海山内不同海山其渔场形成机制导致不同水域所采取的捕捞方式不同,如在以底层拖网为主要生产方式的水域,其渔场形成机制应该受上升流所影响;而在有底层刺网作业的水域,则其渔场形成可能受水平海流控制。通过对天皇海山内大洋拟五棘鲷和红金眼鲷的研究,将有助于理清这些物种的生活史,弄清天皇海山环境与这些物种分布、扩散成因的耦合关系,从而有助于加深对海山这一特殊生境下生物多样性和生态系统的整体认知。The formation mechanism of fishing ground in seamounts is mainly influenced by external factors such as upwelling, horizontal current and topography. The sea area of the Emperor Seamount was once a fishing ground with high catch, the composition of catch in these sea areas mainly included pelagic armorhead(Pseudopentaceros wheeleri) and alfonsino(Beryx splendens). Since the systematic resource survey for these two species in Emperor Seamount has not been carried out by Chinese researchers, this paper mainly followed up and reviewed the relevant studies of foreign scholars on Pseudopentaceros wheeleri and Beryx splendens, which were distributed in the Emperor Seamount sea areas, and the research progress of these two species in biological characteristics such as classification, feeding habits, reproduction, growth rate and distributional property were introduced. According to the common mechanism of fishing ground formation in seamount fishery and combined with the actual fishing operation modes of these two species, it is proposed that the fishing ground formation mechanism in different seamounts may be different due to the fishing methods adopted in different sea areas. If the bottom trawl is the main catch method in one seamount area, the formation mechanism of fishing ground should be affected by upwelling current, while in the sea areas with bottom gill net operation, the formation mechanism of fishing ground may be controlled by horizontal current. The study of high biomass economic fish species, such as pelagic Pseudopentaceros wheeleri and Beryx splendens will be conductive to clarify the life history of these species, and deepen the knowledge of the coupling relationship between the environment and the distribution and diffusion causes of these species, so as to deepen the overall understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem in this special habitat.

关 键 词：天皇海山 大洋拟五棘鲷 红金眼鲷 研究进展 

分 类 号：S921[农业科学—渔业资源]