我国预燃室旋流煤粉燃烧器研究进展  

Research progress of swirl pulverized coal burner with pre-combustion chamber in China

作　　者：刘鹏中 周建明 牛芳 王乃继 LIU Pengzhong;ZHOU Jianming;NIU Fang;WANG Naiji(China Coal Research Institute Company of Energy Conservation,Beijing 100013,China;China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤科院节能技术有限公司,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2021年第1期20-26,35,共8页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：煤科院节能技术有限公司技术创新项目(2020JNCX01-04)。

摘　　要：随着煤炭资源逐渐向集中-分布式能源利用体系方向发展,小规模煤粉工业锅炉系统在能源分布利用中将扮演至关重要的角色,但启停频繁、负荷调节宽泛等实际现状对其快速着火、稳定燃烧提出较高要求,同时燃烧温度低、火焰行程短等特点导致不易实现煤粉高效清洁燃烧,预燃室旋流燃烧器作为其核心燃烧装置是组织煤粉气流着火、稳燃低氮的重要基础。对预燃室旋流燃烧器的早期和目前研究应用进行回顾和论述,总结其共性和异性,随后给出未来发展研究趋势,为预燃室旋流燃烧器的设计开发提供启发思路。研究进展汇总表明:早期预燃室旋流燃烧器以一次风、粉旋流为主,多用于电站锅炉,为我国电力事业初期发展做出重要贡献;目前预燃室旋流燃烧器以二次风旋流为主,多用于煤粉工业锅炉,主要分类有钝体、分级、逆喷等结构特点,分别从强化回流、分级燃烧、逆向射流燃烧方面进行研究,具备一定高效低氮燃烧效果,为煤粉工业锅炉快速发展奠定基础;最后针对预燃室旋流燃烧器未来研究趋势提出粗细颗粒分离燃烧、预燃室结构形状、颗粒预燃室内停留时间3个方面研究内容,以促进煤粉工业锅炉强化高效低氮燃烧、拓宽负荷调节范围与提升煤种适用性。The small-scale pulverized coal industrial boiler system plays a crucial role in energy distribution and utilization,with the gradual development of coal resources towards centralized distributed energy utilization system.However,the actual situation of frequent start-up and stop,wide load regulation and so on put forward higher requirements for its rapid ignition and stable combustion.At the same time,the characteristics of low combustion temperature and short flame travel make it difficult to achieve high combustion efficiency.As the central combustion device of pulverized coal industrial boiler,swirl burner with pre-combustion chamber is the important basis for ignition,stable and low nitrogen combustion.The early and current research and application of swirl burner with pre-combustion chamber were reviewed and discussed in this paper.Its similarities and differences were summarized to demonstrate the future development trend,which provides inspiration for the design and development of swirl burner with pre-combustion chamber.The summary of research progress shows that swirl primary air was used in the early stage swirl burners with pre-combustion chamber,which made an important contribution to the initial development of Chinese power industry.The swirl secondary air is used at present swirl burners with pre-combustion chamber,which mainly includes bluff body,air staging,reverse jet and other structural characteristics.The enhanced recirculation,air staging combustion and reverse jet combustion were respectively researched to achieve high efficiency and low nitrogen combustion,it lays a foundation for the rapid development of pulverized coal industrial boilers.Finally,three aspects of research contents were proposed aiming to the future research trend of swirl burners with pre-combustion chamber,including separation combustion of coarse and fine particles,structure and shape of pre-combustion chamber,residence time of particles in pre-combustion chamber.It is helpful for achieving high efficiency and low nitro

关 键 词：旋流燃烧器 预燃室 工业锅炉 煤粉燃烧 二次风旋流 逆向射流燃烧 粗细分离燃烧 火焰行程 回流区结构 

分 类 号：TQ021[化学工程] TK16[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]