纤维材料的高性能化和多功能化研究进展  

Progress on High Performance and Multi-Functionalization of Fiber Materials

作　　者：翟丽莎 郭一竹 陈凤翔[1,3] 徐卫林 Lisha Zhai;Yizhu Guo;Fengxiang Chen;Weilin Xu(State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学纺织新材料与先进加工技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430200 [2]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094 [3]青岛大学生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2021年第1期300-306,316,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51773158,51903008);中国博士后科学基金(2018M640042,2020T130036)。

摘　　要：针对天然纤维功能性和舒适性的矛盾、高性能有机纤维难以直接服役于极端环境(包括强辐射环境、深空、深海、深地)、高性能无机纤维难编织等问题,急需实现天然纤维产品功能性和舒适性的协调统一、有机高性能纤维的无机化和高性能化以及无机高性能纤维的高性能化和可编织化等相关科技创新和技术支撑,本文从纤维材料本身所存在的缺陷出发,简要综述了国内外在天然纤维和高性能纤维材料高性能化和功能化方面的研究进展,并指出其所存在的问题和瓶颈。在此基础上简要介绍了笔者团队在该方向所取得的阶段性成果,以期为全面提升我国纤维材料的高性能化和多功能化的科技创新水平,提高纤维材料及其制品的国际核心竞争力提供理论支持。Aiming at various challenges in the field of fiber materials,including the contradiction between the functionality and comfort of natural fibers,and the difficulty of high-performance fibers to directly serve in extreme environments(including strong radiation environments,deep space,deep sea,and deep ground),technological innovations and technical supports are urgent to achieve,such as the coordination and unification of the functionality and comfort of natural fibers and general synthetic fiber products,the inorganic transformation and high-performance of high-performance organic fibers,and the performance improvement and weaving of high-performance inorganic fibers.According to the defects of various types of fiber materials,this paper reviewed the research progress of high performance and functionalization of fiber materials all over the world and pointed out the problems and bottlenecks,followed by briefly introducing the significant achievements realized by our team in this field.On this basis,the trends of future development were proposed,providing a direction and theoretical support for the comprehensive enhancement in the multifunctionality and high-performance of fiber materials,and in order to improve the international core competitiveness of fiber materials and products.

关 键 词：纤维材料 功能化 高性能化 极端环境 

分 类 号：TQ34[化学工程—化纤工业]