城市樟子松人工林降雨分配过程中养分变化特征  

Variation Characteristics of Nutrient Fluxes Rainfall Distribution Processes in Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica Plantation of An Urban Area

作　　者：薛婷[1] 盛后财[2] 石磊 Xue Ting;Sheng Houcai;Shi Lei(Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,P.R.China;Northeast Forestry University;Daqing Planning andArchitectural Design Institute)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学,大庆163318 [2]东北林业大学 [3]大庆市规划建筑设计研究院

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2021年第3期15-20,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校青年教师创新项目(2572018BA10);大庆市指导性科技计划项目(zd-2019-14)。

摘　　要：为了探究城市森林生态系统中伴随降雨分配过程的养分循环变化及养分平衡特征,采用定位研究的方法,于2015年5—9月份对东北林业大学城市林业示范研究基地樟子松人工林内穿透雨、树干径流以及林外大气降雨进行了观测和取样,测定了水样中NO_(3)^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Cl^(-)、F^(-)、K、Ca和Mg的浓度,分析了伴随降雨分配过程中各养分质量浓度的变化特征和输入规律。结果表明:生长季内,NO_(3)^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Cl^(-)、F^(-)、K、Ca和Mg在大气降雨中的输入量分别为11.508、1.654、13.625、6.122、2.219、7.778、17.853、1.005 kg·hm^(-2);穿透雨的输入量为14.038、0.890、10.677、3.058、1.908、4.299、9.463、0.862 kg·hm^(-2);树干径流输入量则为3.448、0.192、2.103、1.004、0.298、2.298、5.194、0.668 kg·hm^(-2)。大气降雨、穿透雨和树干径流的养分输入均以NO_(3)^(-)、SO_(4)^(2-)和Ca为主,且3种养分输入量之和均占8种养分总输入量的69%以上。生长季内,8种养分的净淋溶总量为-1.365 kg·hm^(-2),而其中仅NO_(3)^(-)和Mg的净淋溶量为正值。在降雨分配过程中,樟子松人工林的冠层能够少量过滤掉大气降雨中的PO_(4)^(3-)、SO_(4)^(2-)、Cl^(-)、F^(-)、K和Ca。To explore the variations of nutrient cycling and nutrient balance in rainfall redistribution process in urban forest ecosystem,by the fixed-location observation and sampling,precipitation,throughfall and stemflow were monitored in the Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation distributed in Urban Forestry Demonstration Research Base of Northeast Forestry Universityfrom May to September of 2015.The nutrients(NO_(3)^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-),Cl^(-),F^(-),K,Ca and Mg)contents in the water were determined.According to allotment of water amount,input of each nutrient in the forest was calculated.The variation characteristics of nutrients through the hydrological processes of the forest were analyzed.Over thegrowing season,the fluxes of NO^(-)_(3),PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-),Cl^(-),F^(-),K,Ca and Mg in the deposited precipitation were 11.508,1.654,13.625,6.122,2.219,7.778,17.853 and 1.005 kg·hm^(-2),respectively.The throughfall fluxes of these nutrients were 14.038,0.890,10.677,3.058,1.908,4.299,9.463 and 0.862 kg·hm^(-2),respectively.The stemflow fluxes of these nutrients were 3.448,0.192,2.103,1.004,0.298,2.298,5.194 and 0.668 kg·hm^(-2),respectively.The nutrient input in precipitation,throughfall and stemflowwere mainly NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-) and Ca,and the sum of the three nutrient input accounted for more than 69%of the total nutrient input.The total net leaching amount of eight nutrients in the growing season was 0.653 kg·hm^(-2) and only the net leaching amount of NO_(3)^(-) and Mg were positive.In the process of rainfall distribution,the canopy of P.sylvestris var.mongolica plantation can filter out a little amount of PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-),Cl^(-),F^(-),K and Ca in precipitation.

关 键 词：城市人工林 穿透雨 树干径流 水化学 淋溶系数 养分输入 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]