杉梢小卷蛾习性及雌雄蛹、成虫主要形态特征鉴别  

Behavior habits and Morphological characteristics of Polychrosis cunninhamiacola

作　　者：常明山[1] 吴耀军[1] 赵鹏飞 蒋华 周通 张旭 黄华艳[1] CHANG Mingshan;WU Yaojun;ZHAO Pengfei;JIANG Hua;ZHOU Tong;ZHANG Xu;HUANG Huayan(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation,Nanning 530002,China;Xianshui Forest Farm,Quanzhou,Quanzhou 541511,China;Liuzhou Research Institute of Forestry,Rongshui 545300,China;Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,China)

机构地区：[1]广西林业科学研究院/广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]全州县咸水林场,广西全州541511 [3]柳州市林业科学研究所,广西融水545300 [4]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2021年第2期116-120,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项资金(桂科AA17204087-10);广西林业科技项目(桂林科字〔2016〕第4号)。

摘　　要：【目的】掌握杉梢小卷蛾的为害习性,鉴别杉梢小卷蛾雌雄蛹和成虫的主要形态特征。【方法】从杉木林采集带杉梢小卷蛾幼虫的梢头,带回养虫室饲养观察,并结合室外林间观察等方法,对杉梢小卷蛾的幼虫、蛹和成虫等的行为习性以及雌雄蛹和成虫的形态特征进行观察。【结果】杉梢小卷蛾幼虫具有转梢为害杉木梢头的行为习性,幼虫接近老熟后,在适宜的梢头内部完成化蛹,蛹多于凌晨或早晨羽化,卵散产于叶片背面。蛹为被蛹,新化蛹呈米黄色,雄蛹第9腹节腹面有一纵裂,为生殖裂缝,生殖裂缝两侧有瘤状突起,肛裂缝与生殖裂缝距离为80~170μm;雌蛹生殖裂缝位于第8腹节腹面,裂缝两侧无突起,肛裂缝与生殖裂缝距离270~360μm。雄成虫尾部抱器瓣明显,呈叉状或镊子状,密被鳞片;雌成虫尾部产卵瓣呈肾形,橘黄色。【结论】掌握了杉梢小卷蛾幼虫转梢为害等行为习性,依靠蛹腹节和凸起等特征鉴定雌雄蛹,依靠成虫的抱器瓣和产卵瓣等特征鉴定雌雄成虫,为开展杉梢小卷蛾的监测和防控提供了理论基础。【Objective】The trial was conclucted to understand the damage habits of the Polychrosis cunninhamiacola and identify the main morphological characteristics of male and female pupae and adults.【Method】The tops with larvae were collected from the Cunninghamia lanceolate forests and observed in insectarium combined with the observation outdoors.The behavior habits and morphological characters of larvae,male and female pupae and adults of P.cunninhamiacola were observed.【Result】The larvae of P.cunninhamiacola had shoot-transferring behavior habits and damaged the tops of C.lanceolata.When the larvae reach maturity,they pupated in the tip of a branch.Most pupae completed eclosion in the wee hours or in the morning,and the egg were scattered on the back of blades.The pupa was obtect and the new pupa was beige.The male pupae had a longitudinal genital cleft on the segmental venter of the ninth abdominal segment,with a hemispherical protuberance on each side.The distance between anal cleft and genital cleft was 80-170μm.The genital cleft of female pupa was on the eighth abdominal segment and there was no hemispherical protuberance on either side of the cleft.The distance between anal cleft and genital cleft was 270-360μm.The hapis at the tail of the male adult was obvious with forked or forceps shaped and densely scaly.The female adult had a kidney-shaped,orange ovipositor on its tail.【Conclusion】The damage behaviors of P.cunninhamiacola(such as shoot-transferring)were understood,male and female pupae were identified by the the characteristics such as pupa’s abdominal segment and protuberance,and male and female adults were identified by adult’s hapis,ovipositor and other characteristics,which provided a theoretical basis for the monitoring and control of P.cunninhamiacola.

关 键 词：杉梢小卷蛾 行为习性 第8/9腹节 抱器瓣 产卵瓣 鉴别 

分 类 号：S763.42[农业科学—森林保护学]