甘草对尖吻鲈生长特性、消化酶及免疫酶的影响  

Effects of glycyrrhiza on growth performance,digestive enzymes and immune enzymes of Lates calcarifer

作　　者：王一福 周胜杰 杨蕊[1,2,3] 于刚 王志[5] 马振华 WANG Yi-fu;ZHOU Sheng-jie;YANG Rui;YU Gang;WANG Zhi;MAZhen-hua(Tropical Fisheries Research and Development Center,South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Sanya,Hainan 572018,China;Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute,Sanya,Hainan 572018,China;Key Lab of South China Sea Fishery Resource Exploitation&Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510300,China;College of Fisheries,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Changhai Economic Development Service Center,Dalian,Liaoning 116500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心,海南三亚572018 [2]三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018 [3]农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,广州510300 [4]天津农学院水产学院,天津300384 [5]大连市长海县经济发展服务中心,辽宁大连116500

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2020年第12期3116-3125,共10页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA18242031);中国水产科学研究院科技创新团队项目(2020TD55);中国水产科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2018ZD01,2017ZD01)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究添加不同水平甘草粉的饲料对尖吻鲈幼鱼生长特性、消化酶及免疫酶的影响,为甘草在尖吻鲈饲料中的添加应用提供参考依据。【方法】将甘草粉按不同比例添加至饲料中,然后对尖吻鲈幼鱼进行饲料投喂试验,添加量0%为对照组,1%、3%和5%为试验组,各组均设3个平行,试验周期56 d,测定淀粉酶(AMS)、脂肪酶(LPS)、胰蛋白酶(TRYP)、胃蛋白酶(PP)、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)和溶菌酶(LZM)等指标,并对尖吻鲈消化酶指标与生长特性指标间、免疫酶指标与存活率间进行相关分析。【结果】3%和5%试验组尖吻鲈的存活率(SR)显著高于对照组(P<0.05,下同);各试验组的体长增长率(BLGR)均显著高于对照组;增重率(WGR)和特定生长率(SGR)在5%试验组显著升高;前肠AMS活力在3%和5%试验组显著升高;肝脏AMS、前肠LPS、肝脏LPS和胃LPS活力在各试验组均显著升高;前肠TRYP活力在1%和5%试验组显著升高;PP活力在5%试验组显著升高。WGR、SGR与肝脏AMS活力呈显著正相关。肝脏T-AOC活力在各试验组均显著升高,CAT活力、GSH-PX活力和POD活力在1%试验组显著升高,MDA含量在5%试验组显著下降;血清T-AOC活力和CAT活力在各试验组均显著升高,GSH-PX活力在3%试验组显著升高,LZM活力在1%和5%试验组显著下降。SR与肝脏T-AOC、肝脏T-SOD、血清T-AOC、血清CAT和血清GSH-PX活力呈显著正相关,与血清MDA含量及血清T-SOD活力呈显著负相关。【结论】饲料中添加3%~5%甘草粉可更好地提高尖吻鲈消化酶活性、促进鱼体增长,协助杀菌,提高尖吻鲈的存活率;添加1%~3%甘草粉可增强尖吻鲈抗氧化能力,减少肝过氧化物积累。因此,饲料中添加适量的甘草对尖吻鲈幼鱼具有促进消化及提高免疫的作用。【Objective】This study was conducted to explore the effects of different levels of glycyrrhiza meal in feed on growth performance,digestive enzymes and immune enzymes of juvenile Lates calcarifer,and aimed to provide reference for the addition of glycyrrhiza to the L.calcarifer feed.【Method】The glycyrrhiza meal was added to the feed at different proportions,L.calcarifer were fed with experimental diets.0%glycyrrhizameal was used as the control group,1%,5%,9%glycyrrhizameal were the testing groups.Each group was set to be three parallelgroups,the experiment lasted 56 d.The indexes includingamylase(AMS),lipase(LPS),trypsin(TRYP),pepsin(PP),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX),peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)and lysozyme(LZM)were determined.The correlation between digestive enzyme indexes and growth characteristic indexes and the correlation between immune enzyme indexes and survival rate of L.calcarifer were analyzed.【Result】The survival rate increased significantly in the 3%and 5%group compared to control group(P<0.05,the same below).The growth rate of body length(BLGR)in all test groups was significantly higher than that of the control group.Weight gain rate(WGR)and special growth rate(SGR)increased significantly in the 5%group.In foregut,AMS activity increased significantly in the 3%and 5%group.Liver AMS activity,foregut LPS activity,liver LPS activity,gastric LPS activity increased significantly in each test group.Intestinal TRYP activity increased significantly in the 1%and 5%group.Stomach PP activity increased significantly in the 5%group.There was significant positive correlation between WGR,SGR and liver AMS.Liver T-AOC activity increased significantly in each test group.Liver CAT activity,GSH-PX activity and POD activity increased significantly in the 1%group.Liver MDA content decreased significantly in the 5%group.Serum T-AOC activity and CAT activity increased significantly in each test group.Serum GSH-PX activity

关 键 词：甘草 尖吻鲈 生长特性 消化酶 免疫酶 

分 类 号：S963.14[农业科学—水产养殖]