谷婪步甲甲壳素提取工艺研究  

Study on the extracting chitin from Harpalus calceatus

作　　者：张建英[1] 姚建梅 丁荣荣 贾龙[2] Zhang Jianying;Yao Jianmei;Ding Rongrong;Jia Long(School of Life Science,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学生命科学学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《农业科学研究》2020年第4期26-35,共10页Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2019AAC03013)。

摘　　要：以谷婪步甲(Harpalus calceatus)成虫为材料,通过索氏提取法脱除干粉中的油脂,利用超声波辅助乙酸和碱性蛋白酶分别脱除已脱脂干粉中的无机盐和蛋白质,从而提取谷婪步甲中的甲壳素。在不同条件下,通过单因素实验和正交实验设计,研究超声处理的时间、功率、温度以及乙酸、碱性蛋白酶pH、浓度和液料比对甲壳素提取的影响,进而确定提取的最佳条件。结果表明:脱除油脂的最佳有机溶剂为石油醚,提取时间为8 h;脱除无机盐的最佳条件是室温、功率180 W、乙酸体积分数20%、液料比为11∶1 mL/g、反应时间23 min;脱除蛋白质的最佳条件是温度53℃、功率500 W、液料比9∶1 mL/g、反应时间2.8 h、pH=9、碱性蛋白酶质量浓度0.03%。在最佳工艺条件下,甲壳素得率为32.57%。Based on adult Harpalus calceatus as material,the grease in H.calceatus was removed by Soxhlet extraction method,the inorganic salts and proteins in H.calceatusa were removed by ultrasonic-assisted acetic acid and alkaline protease respectively so as to extract chitin from H.calceatus.Under different conditions,through complete randomalized and orthogonal experiment design,the effects of ultrasonic treatment time,power,temperature,acetic acid,the pH value of alkaline protease,concentration and liquid-solid ratio on the extraction of chitin were studied,thus,the optimal extraction conditions of chitin from H.calceatus was determined.The results showed that the best conditions to degrease were:petroleum ether as its best organic substance,and the extraction time was 8 h;The best conditions for removing inorganic salts were:room temperature,power of 180 W,acetic acid,20%of concentration,liquid-solid ratio of 11∶1 mL/g,and 23 min of reaction.The optimal conditions for protein removal were:53℃of temperature,power of 500 W,liquid-solid ratio of 9∶1 m L/g,2.8 h of reaction time,the pH value of 9,and 0.03%.concentration of alkaline protease.With the approval of optimum technological conditions,the yield of chitin was 32.57%.

关 键 词：谷婪步甲 甲壳素 超声波 正交实验 最佳工艺 

分 类 号：Q969.9[生物学—昆虫学]