“冰上丝绸之路”沿线贸易便利化的指标体系构建及评价  

Construction and Evaluation of Trade Facilitation Index System along the’Ice Silk Road’

作　　者：冀丙蕾 胡麦秀[1] JI Binglei;HU Maixiu(Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2021年第2期12-16,共5页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“北极航道开通与世界贸易格局和地缘政治格局的演变研究”(17BGJ059);上海市浦江人才计划项目“‘北极航道’开通与中国的潜在战略利益研究”(14PJC061).

摘　　要："冰上丝绸之路"作为连接亚欧大陆的国际贸易通道,把北极东北航道的经济优势转化为沿线贸易便利化水平增益。基于北极事务参与度和相对于北极东北航道的位置,文章将"冰上丝绸之路"沿线国家划分为东北亚国家、北欧5国、北海周边国家和北极东北航道扩展线沿线国家4类国家主体;综合市场准入、口岸和海关管理、规制环境以及金融和电子商务4个一级指标及其下设的24个二级指标,采用主成分分析法,构建贸易便利化评价模型,并测度和分析2014—2018年各国贸易便利化指数。研究结果表明:"冰上丝绸之路"沿线贸易便利化水平在国家主体和一级指标的维度上都存在显著差异,北欧5国和北海周边国家具有稳定且较高水平的贸易便利性,而东北亚国家和其他欧洲国家处于不便利的临界状态;市场准入是"冰上丝绸之路"沿线贸易便利化的薄弱环节,不同类型国家主体的贸易便利化水平主要由规制环境体现。The"Ice Silk Road",as an international trade channel connecting Asia and Europe,transforms the economic advantages of the Northeast Passage of the Arctic into a gain in the level of trade facilitation of countries along the route.Based on the participation in Arctic affairs and the position relative to the northeast route of the Arctic,the paper divided the countries along the"Ice Silk Road"into 4 categories:Northeast Asian countries,5 Nordic countries,countries around the North Sea,and countries along the Northeast Passage.Based on 4 primary indicators of market access,port&customs management,regulatory environment,finance&e-commerce and 24 secondary indicators under them,the paper used principal component analysis to construct a trade facilitation evaluation model.By measuring and analyzing the trade facilitation index of various countries from 2014 to 2018,it was concluded that the trade facilitation level of the"Ice Silk Road"had significant differences in the dimensions of national entities and primary indicators.The 5 Nordic countries and the neighboring countries of the North Sea had a stable and relatively high level of trade convenience,while the Northeast Asian countries and other European countries were in a critical state of inconvenience.Market access was a weak link in trade facilitation along the"Ice Silk Road".The level of trade facilitation of different categories of countries was mainly reflected in the regulatory environment.

关 键 词：冰上丝绸之路 北极航道 贸易便利化 主成分分析 国际贸易 

分 类 号：F74[经济管理—国际贸易] U699[经济管理—产业经济]