船载观测设备计量检定与海上标校试验的现状和发展建议  

Current Status and Development Suggestions of Metrological Verification and Marine Calibration Trial for Onboard Observation Equipment

作　　者：黄路 冯旭文 乔正明 杨星晨 邵浩[3] 吴春芳 HUANG Lu;FENG Xuwen;QIAO Zhengming;YANG Xingchen;SHAO Hao;WU Chunfang(Preparatory Office of Zhangzhou Base,NOTC,Xiamen 361007,China;Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Hangzhou 310012,China;Unit No.91039of PLA,Beijing 102401,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋技术中心漳州基地筹建办公室,厦门361007 [2]自然资源部第二海洋研究所,杭州310012 [3]91039部队,北京102401

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2021年第2期81-86,共6页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“海洋技术和装备关键国际标准研究”(2016YFF0202704);自然资源部项目“自然资源标准化工作基础研究及重要标准制修订”(121169000000190004).

摘　　要：计量检定和海上标校试验是目前船载观测设备在室内和室外开展测量精度评价的2种常用手段。为进一步推进我国计量检定和海上试验建设发展,文章系统归纳和总结室内计量检定和海上标校试验的原理、特点和工作现状,分析当前各自存在的问题,并提出具体建议。研究结果表明:军、地对于船载观测设备计量检定和海上标校试验的需求越来越迫切,我国虽已基本建成海洋设备计量技术规范体系,并强化海试全过程的质量控制,但仍存在计量标准、评价体系、维修保障和室外检定手段不足,海上试验环境和比测精度不确定以及缺少标准化海上试验设施和平台等问题;计量检定机构应综合分析计量要素的特点、社会效益和难易程度等,研究并制定行之有效的标准规范和保障措施;还应充分发挥海上试验的综合检验评价功能,研究完善比测校准方法,建设标准化的海上试验设施和平台。Metrological verification and marine calibration trial are the 2 main means of measurement accuracy assessment for onboard observation equipment indoor and outdoor.In order to further promote the construction and development of metrological verification and marine trial,this paper systematically summarized the principle,characteristics and work status of indoor metrological verification and marine calibration trial,analyzed the existing problems,and put forward specific suggestions.The research results showed that:the military and local demand for the metrological verification and marine calibration of ship borne observation equipment was more and more urgent.Although China had basically established the technical specification system of marine equipment measurement,and strengthened the quality control of the whole process of marine trial,there were still some problems,such as insufficiencies of standard equipment,evaluation system,maintenance support,outdoor verification means,uncertainty of marine trial environment and comparison precision.This paper put forward that metrological verification institutions should comprehensively analyze the characteristics,social benefits and difficulty of measurement elements,study and formulate effective standards and supporting measures.In addition,we should give full play to the comprehensive inspection and evaluation function of the marine trial,study and improve the comparative test calibration methods,and develop standardized marine trial facilities and platforms.

关 键 词：计量检定 海上标校试验 船载观测设备 测量精度评价 校准方法 

分 类 号：P715[天文地球—海洋科学] TB9[一般工业技术—计量学]