视觉显示终端作业中上肢肌肉疲劳研究  

Study on Muscle Fatigue of Upper Limb in Visual Display Terminal Operation

作　　者：郭西雅[1] 李泽权 赵柔冰 王文亚 丁亭文 GUO Xi-ya;LI Ze-quan;ZHAO Rou-bing;WANG Wen-ya;DING Ting-wen(School of Art and Design,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology Xian 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,西安710021

出　　处：《人类工效学》2020年第6期25-29,共5页Chinese Journal of Ergonomics

基　　金：陕西省科学技术研究与发展计划(2016GY-258,2016GY-253)。

摘　　要：目的探究了在视觉显示终端(Visual Display Terminal=VDT)作业中,手部姿态对人体上肢肌肉疲劳的影响。方法通过选取12名被试,指导其在舒适的姿态下分别使用分体橡皮泥键盘手托,从事输入工作30 min,利用表面肌电信号采集系统监测被试上肢肌肉疲劳状况;获取每位被试工作时橡皮泥手托模型利用逆向工程实现测量及拟合,采用Pro/E软件建模并对产品形态进行设计;实验结束后,对每位被试进行问卷调研,获取其上肢主要工作肌主观舒适度评价,验证表面肌电信号采集系统监测结果。结果被试上肢肌肉各时段的主观舒适度随作业时间延长呈下降趋势,有无键盘手托两种作业状态被测肌肉的中位频率值有显著性差异(P<0.05)并得到键盘辅助产品尺寸数据和三维模型。结论对办公人员来说,键盘输入任务持续10 min时需休息或适当活动上肢,键入20 min以上,上肢疲劳程度较大,需强制休息。Objective To explore the influence of hand posture on upper limb muscle fatigue on visual display terminal(VDT)operation.Methods Twelve subjects were selected and instructed to use the split plasticine keyboard hand rest in a comfortable posture for 30 minutes.The surface electromyography signal acquisition system was used to monitor the fatigue of the subjects'upper limb muscles;The plasticine hand support model of each subject during work was obtained,and measured and fitted by reverse engineering;Pro/E software was used to model and design the product form.After the experiment,a questionnaire was conducted to obtain the subjective comfort evaluation of the main working muscles of the upper limb,which confirmed the correctness of monitoring system of surface electromyography signal acquisition.Results The subjective comfort degree of upper limb muscles decreased with the prolongation of working time.There was significant difference in the median frequency between the two working states with or without keyboard and hand support(P<0.05).The size data and three-dimensional model of keyboard auxiliary products were obtained.Conclusion For office workers,it is necessary to rest or properly move the upper limbs when the keyboard input task lasts for 10 minutes.If the keyboard input task lasts for more than 20 minutes,the upper limbs are fatigued and need forced rest.

关 键 词：产品设计 视觉显示终端 职业健康 人机工效 上肢肌肉疲劳 表面肌电 逆向工程 键盘手托 

分 类 号：TB472[一般工业技术—工业设计] TB18