江浙地区葡萄霜霉病菌的致病性差异研究  

Difference of Pathogenicity of Plasmopara viticola in Jiangsu and Zhejiang

作　　者：张眉[1] 郭霞[1] 吴斌[1] 姜珊珊[1] 王升吉[1] 杨万海 辛相启[1] Zhang Mei;Guo Xia;Wu Bin;Jiang Shanshan;Wang Shengji;Yang Wanhai;Xin Xiangqi(Plant Protection Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology,Jinan 250100;Shandong Provincial Plant Protection Central Station,Jinan 250100)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/山东省植物病毒学重点实验室,济南250100 [2]山东省植物保护总站,济南250100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第31期103-109,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省农业科学院科技创新工程项目“主要作物病虫害绿色防控关键技术”(CXGC2016B11);公益性行业(农业)科研专项“果树霜霉病防控技术研究与示范”(201203035)。

摘　　要：为明确江苏、浙江不同地区葡萄霜霉病菌的致病性分化情况,采用单斑分离法和叶盘接种法,对分离得到的不同葡萄霜霉病菌单斑菌株进行致病性测定。结果表明,分离获得的80个葡萄霜霉病菌株都有致病性,且2个省份均有半数以上的菌株的病情指数在40~60之间。致病力聚类分析表明,2个省份的菌株都可以聚类为强、中、弱3种致病力类型,江苏以强致病力菌株为优势菌株,浙江以中等致病力菌株为优势菌株。对同一省份的菌株进行致病力分析发现,江苏树山和浙江永福的菌株致病力明显强于同省其他地区,而江苏新坊和浙江上钱的菌株与同省其他地区相比,致病力最弱。同时,构建菌株的系统发育树,结果显示,同源性相同的菌株间有致病力不同的情况,致病力相同的菌株间也存在rDNA-ITS序列有差异的情况。综上,江苏、浙江的葡萄霜霉病菌都存在致病力分化现象,这种分化现象与菌株的亲缘关系远近没有相关性,但同一省份不同地区间的菌株致病力差异与菌株的地理来源有一定的相关性。To clarify the pathogenic differentiation of Plasmopara viticola in different regions of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, this study used single-spot separation method and leaf disc inoculation method to obtain different single-spot strains of P. viticola and determine their pathogenicity. The results showed that 80 strains of P.viticola were pathogenic, and the disease index of more than half of the strains in both provinces was between 40 and 60. The pathogenicity cluster analysis showed that the strains of the two provinces could be clustered into three types of strong, medium and weak pathogenicity. Jiangsu had the strong pathogenic strain as the dominant strain, and Zhejiang had the medium pathogenic strain as the dominant strain. The pathogenicity analysis of the strains in the same province found that the strains of Shushan Jiangsu and Yongfu Zhejiang were significantly stronger pathogenic than those of other regions in the same province, while the strains of Xinfang Jiangsu and Shangqian Zhejiang were the weakest pathogenic compared with those of other regions in the same province. At the same time, the phylogenetic tree of the strains was constructed, and the results showed that the pathogenicity of the strains with the same homology was different, and the rDNA-ITS sequences were also different among the strains with the same pathogenicity. In summary, the grape downy mildews causal agent P.viticola in Jiangsu and Zhejiang have pathogenic differentiation, and the pathogenicity differentiation has no correlation with the genetic relationship of the strains, but the pathogenicity differences of the strains in different regions of the same province have a certain correlation with geographical sources.

关 键 词：葡萄霜霉病菌 致病性 单斑分离 江苏 浙江 

分 类 号：S436.631.19[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]