多元共治背景下生态环境损害代修复之刍议——以《民法典·侵权责任编》第1234条为视角  

On the Replacement of Ecological Environment Damage under the Background of Multiple Governance——From the Perspective of Article 1234 of Tort Liability of Civil Code

作　　者：何璐希 HE Lu-xi(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期28-35,共8页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：《民法典·侵权责任编》第1234条是对生态环境损害修复责任的确立,以生态环境损害修复责任独立化完善环境法律责任的体系化,也为环境民事公益诉讼与生态环境损害赔偿诉讼提供了实体法依据。在多元共治理念渗透到环境治理的背景下,该法条将公权机关和公共主体引入私法,赋予其生态环境损害修复请求权,即公益化私权,同时引入代修复主体参与环境治理。在《民法典》实施之初,亟需厘清生态环境损害代修复的基本法律关系,明晰其法律性质,在辨别其所救济利益范围的基调下,以代修复基金设置、代修复主体规则与公权机关行使私权请求权程序等配套性措施的精细化设计为切入点,寻求完善路径,助益民法典的实施。Article 1234 of Tort Liability of Civil Code establishes the responsibility of ecological environment damage restoration,which improves the systematization of environmental legal liability with the independence of ecological environment damage repair responsibility,and also provides the substantive law basis for environmental civil public interest litigation and ecological environment damage compensation litigation.Under the background of multiple co-governance concept infiltrating into the environmental governance,the public authority organs and public subjects are introduced into private law,which gives them the right to claim for restoration of ecological environment damage,that is,the private right of public welfare.At the beginning of the implementation of The Civil Code,it is urgent to clarify the basic legal relationship and legal nature of the ecological environment damage restoration system.On the basis of distinguishing the scope of the relief interests,the paper tries to find a perfect path from the detailed design of the specific procedures and the setting of the restoration fund,so as to help the implementation of the civil code.

关 键 词：民法典 生态环境损害代修复 多元共治 公益化私权 私法公法化 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学] D922.6[政治法律—法学]