小麦秸秆纤维基地膜制造工艺参数优化  

Optimization of process parameters for extrusion explosion wheat straw fiber based mulch

作　　者：陈海涛[1] 尚会敏 何昀阳 徐利 宗浩 刘爽[1] 张颖[1] 李龙海 CHEN Haitao;SHANG Huimin;HE Yunyang;XU Li;ZONG Hao;LIU Shuang;ZHANG Ying;LI Longhai(School of Engineering,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Shandong Ruibosi Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Linyi Shandong 276400,China;Shandong Linyi Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Linyi Shandong 276002,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]山东瑞博斯烟草有限公司,山东临沂276400 [3]山东临沂烟草有限公司,山东临沂276002

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2021年第1期71-81,96,共12页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201004);山东省烟草专卖局(公司)2018年面上科技项目。

摘　　要：利用小麦秸秆制造满足机械铺设、覆盖栽培要求的全降解地膜,揭示制造工艺参数对地膜性能的影响规律,开展工艺优化研究。通过挤压爆破法加工小麦秸秆纤维为主要原料,以针叶木纤维(KP浆)为骨架,添加湿强剂和中性施胶剂等环保型助剂,制造全降解地膜。试验采用4因素5水平二次正交旋转中心组合试验方法,以定量、KP混合比、中性施胶剂和湿强剂为影响因子,选择干抗张力、湿抗张力、撕裂度、耐破度、施胶度为响应函数开展试验。结果表明,挤压爆破小麦秸秆纤维基地膜最优工艺参数组合为定量70±2 g·m^(-2)、KP混合比40%±2%、湿强剂质量分数1.60%±0.10%、中性施胶剂质量分数0.90%±0.05%,此时干抗张力≥32 N、湿抗张力≥13 N、撕裂度≥520 mN、耐破度≥100 kP、施胶度≥150 s,优化结果满足地膜机械化田间铺设和覆盖栽培要求。In order to use wheat straw to produce fully degradable mulch which can meet the requirements of mechanical laying and cultivation,and reveal the influence of manufacturing process parameters on the performance of mulch,the process optimization research was carried out in this study.With wheat straw fiber processed by extrusion blasting as the main raw material,softwood fiber(KP pulp)as the skeleton,adding environmental friendly additives,such as wet strength agent and neutral sizing agent,the fully degradable mulch was manufactured.Four factors and five levels quadratic orthogonal rotation center combination test method was adopted in the experiment.The grammage,KP mixing ratio,neutral sizing agent and wet strength agent were taken as the influencing factors,and the dry tensile strength,wet tensile strength,tearing strength,burst resistance and sizing degree were selected as response functions.The optimum technological parameters of extrusion blasting wheat straw fiber based mulch were as the following:grammage 70±2 g·m^(-2),KP mixing ratio 40%±2%,wet strength agent mass fraction 1.60%±0.10%,neutral sizing agent mass fraction 0.90%±0.05%.Under these conditions,dry tensile strength≥32 N,wet tensile strength≥13 N,tearing strength≥520 mN,bursting strength≥100 kPa and sizing degree≥150 s.The optimized results met the requirements of mechanized field laying and mulching cultivation.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 挤压爆破 地膜 优化 

分 类 号：S216.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X712[农业科学—农业工程]