动车牵引电机转子的弯扭振动特性研究  

Study on Bending and Torsional Vibration Characteristics of Traction Motor Rotor in EMU

作　　者：周生通 曹涛影 朱经纬 祁强 周新建 ZHOU Shengtong;CAO Taoying;ZHU Jingwei;QI Qiang;ZHOU Xinjian(School of Mechanotronics&Vehicle Engineering,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《铁道学报》2021年第2期52-60,共9页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51505146);江西省自然科学基金(20202BABL204036,20161BAB216135);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL1806)。

摘　　要：弯扭振动特性是动车牵引电机在复杂列车振动环境中安全可靠运行的关键评价依据。为此,考虑动车牵引电机结构特点,利用转子动力学有限元方法构建牵引电机转子系统的梁元有限元模型,探讨转子铁芯和电机惯性负载在牵引电机转子动力学系统中的模拟方法和对系统弯扭振动特性的影响规律。结果表明:转子铁芯对牵引电机转子系统模态的显著影响仅限于在铁芯段存在较大形变的模态振型;铁芯质量分布直接影响系统弯扭特性的准确性,需按照动力学分析目的选择铁芯质量的离散数目;铁芯对转轴的刚度贡献能显著提高系统扭转模态频率,但弯曲模态频率的提高在转轴刚度增加到一定程度后变得不明显;电机惯性负载会使电机转子系统引入更低频率的扭转模态,有可能造成电机与负载之间的扭转共振,但另一方面电机惯性负载并不影响系统弯曲振动特性。Bending and torsional vibration characteristics are important evaluation basis for the safe and reliable operation of EMU traction motor in the complex train vibration environment.Therefore,considering the actual structural features of EMU traction motor,the beam element model of traction motor rotor system was built using the finite element method of rotor dynamics.The simulation method of rotor core and the motor inertia load in the traction motor rotor dynamic system,and their effects on traction motor rotor system’s bending and torsional vibration characteristics were discussed.The results show that:The rotor core’s mass and stiffness properties only have obvious impacts on motor rotor modal shapes with large shape change at the area of rotor core;Given the direct influence of the mass distribution of the rotor core on the accuracy of system bending and torsional characteristics,it is important to determine the discrete number of rotor core mass according the type of dynamic analysis;The rotor core stiffness can greatly increase the torsional modal frequency value of traction motor rotor system,however,the bending modal frequency value is slightly grown after the rotor shaft stiffness increases to a certain degree;The motor inertia load can introduce a new torsional modal with lower frequencies to the rotor system,which may result in the torsional resonance between the motor and its load devices,however,the motor inertial load has no influence on system bending vibration characteristics.

关 键 词：牵引电机 转子铁芯 惯性负载 有限元建模 弯扭振动特性 

分 类 号：TM922.71[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]