实施长江经济带发展战略能降低污染排放强度吗?  

Can the implementation of the Yangtze River Economic Zone development strategy reduce the intensity of pollution emission?

作　　者：李标[1] 张航 吴贾[2] LI Biao;ZHANG Hang;WU Jia(School of Economics,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu Sichuan 611130,China;School of Economics,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学经济学院,四川成都611130 [2]暨南大学经济学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2021年第1期134-144,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“马克思经济学视角下振兴中国实体经济的资本积累结构研究”(批准号:17CJL002);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“供给侧结构性改革的理论创新与路径选择研究”(批准号:JBK2004015);“粤港澳大湾区创新人才培育中STEAM信息化教育模式及效果研究(批准号:19JNQM18)”;广东省自然科学基金面上项目“儿童创新能力的培养及在人力资本构成中的作用研究:STEAM课程和对贫困地区儿童的远程连接”(批准号:2020A1515010421)。

摘　　要：污染排放强度意指单位GDP的污染物综合排放量,是反映一个国家或地区经济环境质量的重要衡量指标。实施长江经济带发展战略内蕴着沿江城市污染排放强度的降低。本研究基于2006—2017年中国285个地级市的面板数据,使用双重差分(DID)方法和系统广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)方法开展计量分析,旨在检验实施长江经济带发展战略是否能够降低污染排放强度,识别该国家级发展战略的污染减排机制及其作用大小。本研究有如下实证发现:(1)从长江经济带发展战略污染减排的作用评估看,DID的估计结果表明,实施长江经济带发展战略有显著的污染减排效应,使污染排放强度大约下降了0.045个百分点。(2)从此国家级发展战略的污染减排传导机制角度考察,DID的实证结果显示,该国家级发展战略的实施通过新型城镇化、结构优化、创新投入和循环生产的机制传导,能够显著促进沿江城市的污染排放强度下降。(3)由不同传导机制的污染减排作用大小分析,SYS-GMM的回归结果说明,新型城镇化的污染减排效果最好、结构优化其次、创新投入和循环生产的负弹性系数较为接近。(4)此外,SYS-GMM的回归结果表明,污染排放强度的累积滞后效应显著,且长江经济带的累积滞后效应明显大于全国与非长江经济带地区。因而,为促进长江经济带的污染排放强度下降以及生态本底增进,确保环境保护与污染治理政策的制定在省级空间上一致联动与执行强度在时序上连贯的同时,沿长江的城市有必要加速推进新型城镇化建设、加快产业结构优化升级、加大创新投入力度和提高循环生产水平。The intensity of pollution emissions,which refers to the total emissions of pollutants per unit of GDP,is an important index to measure the quality of economic and environmental development of a region or a country.Reducing the pollution emission intensity of cities along the Yangtze River is the core issue of the implementation of the Yangtze River Economic Zone(YREZ)development strategy.This paper used the difference-in-difference(DID)and the system generalized method of moments(SYS-GMM)estimation strategies to examine whether the implementation of the YREZ strategy was helpful to reduce the intensity of pollution emission and its underling mechanism.We employed a panel data of 285 cities in China from 2006 to 2017 to answer the above-mentioned question.We found four important results:①To evaluate the impact of YREZ on pollution reduction,our DID results showed that the implementation of the YREZ strategy effectively reduced the intensity of pollution emission by 0.045%for cities in the zone.②Our mechanism analyses showed that the new-type urbanization,structural optimization,innovative inputs,and recycling production contributed to the reduction of the intensity of pollution emission.③The estimated results from the SYS-GMM indicated that the new-type urbanization had the greatest effect on the reduction of pollution,followed by structural optimization.The magnitudes of the estimated coefficients of elasticity between the innovation inputs and the recycling production were similar.④In addition,the paper found a larger cumulative lagged impact on the reduction of the pollution emission intensity for cities in the YREZ than those outside the zone.For policymakers,when they promulgate policies to reduce the pollution emission intensity and improve the ecological resource endowment in the YREZ,they should coordinate pollution regulation and environment protection in terms of space and time.Accelerating the construction of the new-type urbanization,promoting and optimizing the industrial structure,increasing

关 键 词：长江经济带发展战略 污染排放强度 双重差分 系统广义矩估计 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]