不同青贮方法对全株玉米型日粮发酵品质的影响  

Effects of different silage treatments on fermentation quality of whole corncrop based diets

作　　者：周红琴[1] ZHOU Hongqin(Linfen Vocational and Technical College,Linfen,Shanxi Province 041000,China)

机构地区：[1]临汾职业技术学院,山西临汾041000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第4期28-31,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在探讨用不同添加剂对全株玉米型日粮化学成分、pH和发酵品质的影响。试验将常用的肉牛全混合日粮分成16份,每份1 kg,随机分为4组,每组4份,对照组不添加任何添加剂进行普通发酵,处理1组添加20 g/kg糖蜜,处理2组添加3 g/kg丙酸,处理3组为联合发酵组(20 g/kg糖蜜+3 g/kg丙酸),青贮6周后,收集样品进行后续分析。结果:糖蜜青贮组干物质、乳酸和乳酸菌含量较对照组分别显著提高11.94%、19.82%和23.20%(P<0.05),但处理组丁酸、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组全株玉米型日粮青贮7和14 d后pH显著降低(P<0.05)。青贮1 d和14 d,糖蜜组乳酸含量较对照组分别显著提高19.93%和71.77%(P<0.05),而青贮7 d,丙酸组乳酸含量较对照组显著提高17.42%(P<0.05)。青贮1、7和14 d,糖蜜组和丙酸组全株玉米型日粮氨氮与总氮比值均显著降低(P<0.05)。青贮1和7 d后糖蜜组全株玉米型日粮中乳酸菌含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),青贮14 d后,处理组乳酸菌数量较对照组分别显著降低了10.75%、16.05%和17.17%(P<0.05)。结论:在全株玉米型日粮中添加20 g/kg糖蜜可以提高青贮产物乳酸含量,同时改善发酵好氧稳定性,添加3 g/kg丙酸发酵虽然降低了青贮过程中乳酸产量,但提高了发酵产物水溶性碳水化合物含量。The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of chemical composition,pH and fermentation quality of whole-corn diet fermented with different additives.The beef cattle total mixed diet of commonly used can be divided into 16,each 1 kg,were randomly divided into four groups and each group of four,does not add any additives for normal fermentation control,treatment group 1 add 20 g/kg molasses,deal with 2 groups add 3 g/kg,propionate treatment 3 groups for joint fermentation(20 g/kg molasses+3 g/kg)propionate,silage 6 weeks later,the samples were collected for subsequent analysis.Results:The contents of dry matter,lactic acid and lactic acid bacteria in the molasses silage group were significantly increased by 11.94%,19.82%and 23.20%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05),but the contents of butyric acid,neutral washing fiber and acid washing fiber in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The pH value of whole-grain corn type diet in the control group decreased significantly after 7 and 14 days of silage(P<0.05).On day 1 and day 14 of silage,the lactic acid content in the molasses group was significantly increased by 19.93%and 71.77%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05),while on day 7 of silage,the lactic acid content in the propionic acid group was significantly increased by 17.42%compared with the control group(P<0.05).On day 1,7 and 14 of silage,the ratio of ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen in the molasses group and the propionic acid group of whole-grain corn type diet was significantly reduced(P<0.05).After 1 and 7 days of silage,the lactic acid bacteria content in the molasses group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and after 14 days of silage,the number of lactic acid bacteria in the treatment group was significantly reduced by 10.75%,16.05%and 17.17%,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adding 20 g/kg molasses to whole-grain corn diet can increase the content of

关 键 词：青贮 添加剂 全株玉米 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]