当代利比亚的政治合法性问题与政治发展的困境  

Political Legitimacy and Political Development Dilemma in Contemporary Libya

作　　者：李小娟 Li Xiaojuan

机构地区：[1]西北大学中东研究所

出　　处：《中东研究》2020年第1期238-258,282,283,共23页Middle East Studies

摘　　要：当代利比亚政治发展经历了利比亚王国、卡扎菲和后卡扎菲时期三个阶段,各阶段政治发展困境的表现形式有所不同。利比亚王国在联合国大会的支持下成立,长期的外族统治和地缘分裂导致利比亚政治构建缺乏内聚力,王权合法性呈现出“脆弱性”特征。卡扎菲政权困于历史遗留的地缘分裂问题,囿于民族与国家构建的悖论,与西方国家矛盾重重,导致利比亚处于内外交困之境。后卡扎菲时代的利比亚继承了卡扎菲时期的诸多政治困境,并出现新的政局危机。政治合法性危机是困扰利比亚政治发展主要的原因之一,其中阿拉伯民族主义和伊斯兰势力的对抗,阿拉伯民族主义与部族主义的较量,以及阿拉伯民族主义和泛非主义的牵绊是导致利比亚政治合法性危机凸显的三重维度。The political development of Libya has experienced three stages:Kingdom of Libya,Gaddafi and Post-Gaddafi era.The forms of political development predicaments in each stage are different.The United Kingdom of Libya was founded under the support of the general assembly of the United Nations.The long period of foreign rule and geographical division led to the lack of cohesion in the political construction of Libya,and the legitimacy of the royal power was characterized by“fragility”.The Gaddafi regime is trapped by the geographical division left by history,the paradox of nation and state construction,and the contradictions with the western countries,resulting in the internal and external difficulties in Libya.The Post-Gaddafi Libya has inherited many of the political difficulties of the Gaddafi era and has emerged new political crises.The crisis of political legitimacy is one of the main reasons for the predicaments of political development in Libya,among which the confrontation between Arab nationalism and islamic forces,the struggle between Arab nationalism and tribalism,and the entanglement between pan-arabism and pan-africanism are the three dimensions leading to the crisis of political legitimacy.

关 键 词：利比亚 政治困境 政治合法性 伊斯兰因素 部落因素 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]