丙烯腈-衣康酸基纳米纤维纱线的热稳定及碳化研究  

Study on Thermal Stabilization and Carbonization of P(AN-co-IA)Based Nanofiber Yarn

作　　者：刘秋实 王晓娜 刘大鹏 邸江涛[2] 门传玲[1] LIU Qiu-shi;WANG Xiao-na;LIU Da-peng;DI Jiang-tao;MEN Chuan-ling(College of Energy and Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Technology,Shanghai 200000,China;Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Advanced Material Division,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院,上海200000 [2]中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所先进材料部,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《广州化学》2021年第1期45-52,共8页Guangzhou Chemistry

摘　　要：碳纳米纤维主要以聚丙烯腈(PAN)作为前驱体,通过纺丝、热稳定、碳化等后处理工艺制备而得。但是,PAN基纳米纤维取向度低、致密性差,热稳定后环化度低,碳化后导电性差等缺点阻碍其在高性能碳纳米纤维领域的发展。因此,在PAN分子链中引入衣康酸(IA),通过溶液聚合法合成了P(AN-co-IA)共聚物并通过静电纺丝法制备了P(AN-co-IA)基纳米纤维纱线。研究了纱线中纳米纤维的取向度、致密性以及在热稳定后的环化反应程度。重点研究了P(AN-co-IA)基碳纳米纤维纱线的线电阻、微观结构与碳化温度的关系。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对纱线进行形貌表征。用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶显微红外仪(FT-IR)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)对纱线进行结构分析。结果表明,P(AN-co-IA)基原丝纱线的结构较致密,取向度较高。热稳定后的P(AN-co-IA)基纳米纤维的环化度高于PAN基纳米纤维。当碳化温度升至1100℃时,P(AN-co-IA)基碳纳米纤维纱线的线电阻明显降低至14Ω/cm。当碳化温度继续升高至1400℃,纱线的线电阻没有明显变化,但通过Raman光谱分析其无序碳结构会大幅增加。本文的研究结果为制备高取向性、高致密性和高电导性的碳纳米纤维纱线提供了一定的理论及实验基础。Carbon nanofibers were mainly prepared from polyacrylonitrile(PAN)by spinning,thermal stabilization and carbonization.However,low orientation,poor compactness,low cyclization extent after thermal stabilization and poor conductivity after carbonization which belongs to PAN nanofibers prevent its development in the carbon nanofiber field.In this paper,we inserted Itaconic Acid(IA)into the PAN molecular chain.The P(AN-co-IA)copolymer were synthesized by solution polymerization method.The P(AN-co-IA)nanofiber yarns were prepared by electrospinning.The orientation,compactness of nanofibers in as-spun yarn and cyclization reaction extent of P(AN-co-IA)nanofiber yarns after thermal stabilization were researched.The correlations between linear resistance,microstructure and carbonization temperature of P(AN-co-IA)carbon nanofiber yarns were mainly researched.Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)was utilized to characterize the yarn morphology.X-Ray Diffractometer(XRD),Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FT-IR)and Raman Spectrometer(Raman)were used for analyzing structure of yarn.The results show that P(AN-co-IA)as-spun yarn possess more compact structure and better orientation.The cyclization reaction extent of P(AN-co-IA)nanofibers after thermal stabilization was higher than that of PAN nanofibers.When the carbonization temperature rises to 1100℃,the linear resistance of P(AN-co-IA)carbon nanofiber yarn declines to 14Ω/cm obviously.The linear resistance of yarns did not change obviously when the carbonization temperature continued to rise to 1400℃,while the disordered carbon structure of yarns increase significantly.The study results provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the preparation of carbon nanofiber yarns with high orientation,density and conductivity.

关 键 词：衣康酸 环化度 碳结构 线电阻 

分 类 号：TS104[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]