多粘类芽孢杆菌农用菌肥的制备及应用研究  

Study on the Production and Application of Paenibacillus polymyxa Biofertilizer

作　　者：王分分 徐哲 刘浩 周思宁[3] 张旭坡 王晓辉 白志辉[3] 徐圣君[3] WANG Fenfen;XU Zhe;LIU Hao;ZHOU Sining;ZHANG Xupo;WANG Xiaohui;BAI Zhihui;XU Shengjun(Shenzhen DiDa Water Engineering Limited Company,Shenzhen 518116,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;Research Center for Eco-environmental Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;College of Resource and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳地大水务工程有限公司,广东深圳518116 [2]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [4]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2020年第10期132-139,共8页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：深圳治水提质科技专项(JSGG20171012143231779);河北省重点研发计划项目(19227313D);国家自然科学基金(31700429);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2018ZX07110)。

摘　　要：该研究使用多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus polymyxa)对木薯酒精废水进行发酵制备农用菌肥并施用于植物生长,以解决木薯酒精废水处理达标困难的问题,同时实现高浓度有机废水的资源化有效利用。通过单因素实验和中心复合设计实验得到如下结论:最适宜的发酵条件为废水含量61%(COD 16.2 g/L)、初始p H 7.67、培养温度38.7℃。在该条件下,培养21 h,微生物活菌数可达1.34×10^(9)cfu/m L,满足《农用微生物菌剂》(GB 20287-2006)要求。使用最适宜的发酵条件下的发酵液进行盆栽实验,得到如下结论:与对照相比,多粘类芽孢杆菌菌肥使蔬菜的鲜重、干重、株高以及维生素C含量分别提高了69.7%、19.1%、8.9%、29.2%。多粘类芽孢杆菌菌肥可以起到替代尿素的效果,有助于减少施加尿素引起的蔬菜硝酸盐积累。Paenibacillus polymyxa was used to ferment cassava ethanol wastewater to prepare agricultural microbial agent and apply it to plant growth,so as to solve the problem of difficult to reach the standard of cassava ethanol wastewater treatment and realize effective utilization of high concentration organic wastewater.Through single factor experiment,center compound design experiment and pot experiment,the results indicated that:the optimal fermentation condition was 61%wastewater content(COD 16.2 g/L),initial p H 7.67 and culture temperature 38.7℃.Under the conditions,the number of viable microorganisms could reach 1.34×10^(9) cfu/mL after 21 hours of culture,which met the requirements of Microbial Inoculants in Agriculture(GB 20287-2006).The fresh weight,dry weight,plant height and vitamin C content of vegetables were increased by 69.7%,19.1%,8.9%and 29.2%,respectively.In addition,the liquid fertilizer of Paenibacillus polymyxa can replace part of urea application,thus reducing the amount of fertilizer application and thereby reducing the accumulation of nitrate in vegetables caused by urea.

关 键 词：多粘类芽孢杆菌 微生物菌肥 高浓度有机废水 中心复合设计(CCD) 盆栽实验 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q815[生物学—生物工程]