基于累加性和均衡性的林分质量综合评价方法  

Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Forest Quality Based on the Accumulation and Homogeneity

作　　者：张岗岗 惠刚盈[1] Zhang Ganggang;Hui Gangying(Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Institute of Forestry,CAF Beijing 100091;Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]河南师范大学,新乡453007

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第1期77-84,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600203,2017YFC050400501)。

摘　　要：【目的】林分质量综合评价是森林经营决策的前提和关键。为解决林分质量评价中偏重强调累加性可能导致的失衡发展问题,基于等周定理和等圆理论试图提出均衡性测度指标并构建综合评价方法,为林分质量问题诊断及精准提升提供参考。【方法】以甘肃小陇山林区锐齿栎天然林(a和b)、吉林蛟河林区阔叶红松林(c和d)和模拟天然林(e和f)的林分质量综合评价为例,先从林分结构和活力2方面筛选出10个评价指标,对各指标进行无量纲化和非同向性处理,再以单位圆中扇形半径和圆心角分别代表指标取值和权重大小,借助闭合图形面积特征量测度林分质量累加性(ωi1),分别基于面积和弧长特征量关系及其等周定理构建αi2和βi2、基于等圆面积周长关系提出γi2测度各评价指标间的均衡性(ωi2),最后以累加性相等林分(c和e、d和f)验证3个均衡性指标的有效性,并采用几何平均值法构造综合评价函数(Fi)比较不同现实林分质量优劣。【结果】阔叶红松林c和d的αi2、βi2、γi2取值小于与其累加性取值相等的林分e和f,且3个均衡性指标评价结果趋势一致。4个现实林分质量的累加性、均衡性及综合评价结果优劣均表现为d>a>c>b,阔叶红松林d质量最优,其次是林分a和c,锐齿栎天然林b最差。【结论】改进单位圆以扇形半径和圆心角分别代表指标取值和权重大小,ωi1可量化描述林分质量累加性优劣,现有βi2与新提出的αi2和γi2均能有效测度林分质量各评价指标间的均衡性,且评价结果具有较强一致性,兼顾累加性和均衡性的林分质量综合评价方法更为全面客观,其评价结果对林分质量问题诊断和森林经营决策具有重要启示作用,可有效提升林分整体质量并促进其均衡发展。【Objective】The comprehensive evaluation of forest quality is the premise and key of forest management decision-making.In order to solve the imbalance development of forest caused by simply emphasizing the accumulation of stand quality,this paper attempted to propose different homogeneity indices based on isoperimetric theorem and equal circle theory,and to construct more universal evaluation function,so as to provide a reference for the problem diagnosis and precise improvement of stand quality.【Method】The forest quality comprehensive evaluation of Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata natural forest in Xiaolong Mountains forest region in Gansu Province(a and b),broad-leaved Pinus koraiensis forest in Jiaohe forest region in Jilin Province(c and d)and simulated natural forests(d and f)were taken as examples.10 indexes were selected from forest structure and vitality,each index was normalized and positive firstly,and the radius and central angle of each sector in unit circle represented the value and weight of each index.The extracted area of the closed graph was used to characterize the accumulation of forest quality(ωi1).The indicesαi2 andβi2 were constructed based on the relationships between extracted area and arc length,and the isoperimetric theorem.Similarly,another indexγi2 was proposed based on the relationships between area and perimeter in the equal circles.The forests(c and e,d and f)with equal accumulation values were used to verify the validity of these three homogeneity indexes of forest quality(ωi2).Then,a comprehensive evaluation function Fi was constructed based on the geometric mean value ofωi1 andωi2 to compare the quality of four natural forests.【Result】When the accumulative values of all evaluation indices were equal,the homogeneity values ofαi2,βi2 andγi2 in the broad-leaved P.koraiensis forest stands c and d were smaller than those simulated stands e and f,showing a consistent evaluation result.The accumulation,homogeneity and comprehensive evaluation sorting results of both

关 键 词：林分质量 均衡性 累加性 综合评价 锐齿栎天然林 阔叶红松林 

分 类 号：S750[农业科学—森林经理学]