地质导向中的旋转失真与随钻自然伽马成像动态测量算法  

Rotational distortion and dynamic measurement algorithm of natural gamma imaging while drilling in geo-steering

作　　者：丁露阳 杨宁宁 杨全进 唐海全[1] 杨震[1] 肖文生 葛鹏 袁晓琪 于华伟[3] Ding Luyang;Yang Ningning;Yang Quanjin;Tang Haiquan;Yang Zhen;Xiao Wensheng;Ge Peng;Yuan Xiaoqil;Yu Huawei(MWD/LWD&Logging Research Institute,Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong Qingdao 266000,China;National Engineering Laboratory of Marine Geophysical Prospecting and Exploration Equipment,Shandong Qingdao 266000,China;School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Shandong Qingdao 266580,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化胜利石油工程有限公司测控技术研究院,山东青岛266000 [2]海洋勘探及勘探设备国家工程实验室,山东青岛266000 [3]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《石油学报》2021年第1期95-104,共10页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“低渗透油气深层高温高压随钻测控技术”(2016ZX05021-001);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41674129)资助。

摘　　要：基于自然伽马成像的相对倾角测量是现代地质导向中的重要技术。目前大量关于提高自然伽马成像精度的研究均未讨论成像仪器在旋转时的测量失真现象,这导致相对倾角的计算存在一个无法修正的误差,干扰工程人员的判断。基于数值分析技术,从解决旋转测量失真的问题开展研究,阐述了自然伽马成像仪器在模拟井筒实验中的旋转失真现象,从理论上解释了产生该现象的原因,并分析了该现象对于成像精度以及相对倾角计算的严重影响。以8扇区自然伽马成像仪器为例,推导了一种旋转扇区新算法,并结合数值分析技术和粒子群算法提高了算法精度,解决了旋转失真问题。通过算法在倾斜地层模拟井筒试验装置上的实验效果可以看出,算法解决了旋转失真问题,从而确保了自然伽马成像仪器在随钻工况下得到准确的相对倾角,为工程人员调整井眼轨迹提供定量依据。Relative inclination measurement based on natural gamma imaging is an important technology in modern geo-steering. Currently, plenty of studies on improving the accuracy of natural gamma imaging ignore the distortion in measurement when the imaging instrument is rotating. This leads to an uncorrectable error incalculation of the relative inclination, interfering with the judgment of engineers. Based on numerical analysis technology, a study has been carried out to solve the problem ofdistortion in rotational measurement. This paper describes the phenomenon of distortion caused by the rotational natural gamma imaging instrument in the simulated wellbore experiment, explains the reason for this phenomenon theoretically, and then analyzes the serious influence of this phenomenon on the imaging accuracy and calculation of inclination. Taking the 8-sector natural gamma imaging instrument as an example, this paper derives a rotating sector algorithm, and in combination with the numerical analysis technology and the particle swarm algorithm, solves the problem of distortion and improve the accuracy of the algorithm, respectively. Finally, this paper presents the experimental results of the algorithm applied to the test device of the simulated wellbore in tilted formations. It can be seen that the rotating sector algorithm solves the problem of rotational distortion, thereby ensuring that the natural gamma imaging instrument can obtain the accurate relative inclination while drilling, thus providing a quantitative basis for the engineers to adjust the well trajectory.

关 键 词：相对倾角 旋转失真 动态测量 旋转扇区算法 工具面角 自然伽马成像 

分 类 号：TE927[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]