不同钙离子浓度对喜钙和嫌钙型金花茶光合及生理指标的影响  

Effects of different calcium ion concentrations on photosynthetic and physiological indexes of calcicole-type and calcifuge-type golden Camellia

作　　者：柴胜丰[1] 付嵘 邹蓉[1] 唐健民 史艳财[1] 韦记青[1] CHAI Shengfeng;FU Rong;ZOU Rong;TANG Jianmin;SHI Yancai;WEI Jiqing(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain,Guangxi Institue of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室,广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西植物》2021年第2期167-176,共10页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660092,31860169);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA17204056,AA18118049);中央引导地方科技发展专项(桂科ZY1949013);广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室项目(19-050-6)。

摘　　要：为探讨喜钙型金花茶对高钙环境的生理适应机制以及嫌钙型金花茶的避钙机理,该文采用砂培法,分别以两种喜钙型金花茶[直脉金花茶(Camellia multipetala)、柠檬金花茶(C.limonia)]和两种嫌钙型金花茶[金花茶(C.nitidissima)、东兴金花茶(C.tunghinensis)]的幼苗为材料,用不同浓度(设为5、25、50、100 mmol·L-1)的钙离子(Ca^(2+))营养液进行培养,研究其对两种不同类型金花茶的光合及生理指标的影响。结果表明:两种嫌钙型金花茶的净光合速率(P n)、气孔导度(G s)、实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)、电子传递效率(ETR)、叶绿素a(Chl a)、叶绿素b(Chl b)、叶绿素总量[(Chl(a+b)]均随Ca^(2+)浓度的升高而降低,表明高钙环境降低了嫌钙型金花茶的光合能力;喜钙型金花茶的这些指标在不同Ca^(2+)浓度下无显著变化,高钙环境未影响其光合作用的正常进行。嫌钙型金花茶叶片丙二醛含量和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F v/F m)在高钙环境下未有显著变化,表明其光合膜系统还未受到伤害。随着Ca^(2+)浓度的升高,嫌钙型金花茶叶片脯氨酸含量显著增加,而可溶性糖含量变化却不大;喜钙型金花茶在不同Ca^(2+)浓度下脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量的变化均不明显,但其可溶性糖含量却明显高于嫌钙型金花茶。喜钙型金花茶对外界钙离子浓度的变化不敏感,其适应高钙的生理机制可能与叶片较高的可溶性糖含量有关;而嫌钙型金花茶对高钙环境的适应性较差,这可能是其不能在钙质土上生长的主要原因。In order to explore the physiological adaptation mechanism of calcicole-type golden Camellia to high calciumion environment and analyze the main reasons that the calcifuge-type golden Camellia can not grow on calcareous soil,a pot experiment was conducted with two species of calcicole-type golden Camellia(Camellia multipetala and C.limonia)and two species of calcifuge-type golden Camellia(C.nitidissima and C.tunghinensis)seedlings.To exclude the influences from other confounding factors,each pot was filled with sand instead of soil.The seedlings were treated with four Ca levels,5,25,50,100 mmol·L-1.The photosynthetic and physiological indexes of two different types of golden Camellia were measured.The results were as follows:The net photosynthetic rate(P n),stomatal conductance(G s),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ),electron transfer efficiency(ETR),Chl a,Chl b and total Chl of the calcifuge-type golden Camellia decreased with the increase of Ca^(2+)concentration,which indicates that the photosynthetic capacity of these two species decreased under the high calciumion environment;While these indexes in the calcicole-type golden Camellia did not change significantly under different Ca^(2+)concentrations,indicating high calciumion environment did not affect its normal photosynthesis.The content of malondialdehyde and the PSⅡmaximum photochemical efficiency(F v/F m)of the calcifuge-type golden Camellia did not change significantly under high calciumion environment,indicating that its photosynthetic membrane system has not been damaged.With the increase of Ca^(2+)concentration,the proline content of the calcifuge-type golden Camellia increased significantly,while the soluble sugar content did not change much;The proline and soluble sugar content in calcicole-type golden Camellia were not obviously changed under different Ca^(2+)concentration,but the soluble sugar content in calcicole-type golden Camellia was significantly higher than that of the calcifuge-type golden Camellia.Calcicole-type golden Camellia w

关 键 词：金花茶 喜钙 嫌钙 光合 荧光 生理 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]