橙色大白菜同核异质细胞质雄性不育系的分子鉴定与园艺性状比较  

Molecular Identification and Comparison of Horticultural Characters of Homonuclear-allocytoplasm Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line in Orange Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：王若凡 马帅 陈霖 卢倩倩 孟艳 张鲁刚[1] WANG Ruofan;MA Shuai;CHEN Lin;LU Qianqian;MENG Yan;ZHANG Lugang(State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas,College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2021年第2期58-63,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101802);陕西省蔬菜产业技术体系项目(NYKJ-2020-YL-08)。

摘　　要：类胡萝卜素是一种广泛存在于植物中的抗氧化物质,橙色大白菜因富含类胡萝卜素而呈现出橙红色的球叶。细胞质雄性不育系(CMS)没有花粉,杂交不需要人工去雄,可以保证F1的纯度,因此培育橙色大白菜CMS是其杂种优势利用的首选途径。本试验以一组同核异质橙色大白菜细胞质雄性不育系及其保持系为材料,进行胞质不育基因及遗传多样性鉴定、园艺性状观测比较等研究。分子鉴定结果表明:18C5携带orf138不育基因,18C6同时携带orf138和orf222不育基因,18C5和18C6与保持系15S1094的平均遗传相似系数分别为91.11%、93.76%。园艺性状观测结果表明:2个不育系与保持系相似度不同,莲座期18C5与保持系15S1094的相似度更高,成熟期18C6与保持系15S1094的相似度更高;且2个不育系的单株质量均极显著大于保持系,单球质量均显著大于保持系,表现一定的优势。花期观测表明:2个同核异质不育系在早期低温条件下均有败蕾现象,但随着温度升高开花趋于正常;不育系与保持系花色均为黄色;2个不育系的雄蕊、花丝长度极显著小于保持系,花药干瘪退化,均属于无花粉不育;2个不育系的蜜腺正常,可以吸引蜜蜂授粉,正常结籽。Taking a pair of homonuclear-allocytoplasm cytoplasmic male sterile(ha-CMS)lines of orange Chinese cabbage and their maintainer lines as material,this experiment carried out studies on cytoplasmic sterility genes,genetic diversity identification,observation and comparison of horticultural characters.Results of molecular identification indicated that‘18C5’carried orf138 sterility gene,‘18C6’carried orf138 and orf222 sterility genes at the same time;the genetic similarity coefficients of‘18C5’,‘18C6’and their maintainer lines were 91.11%and 93.76%,respectively.Results of horticultural characters observation showed that the similarities of 2 male sterile lines and maintainer lines were different.The similarity between‘18C5’and‘15S1094’was higher at rosette stage,and similarity between‘18C6’and‘15S1094’was higher at maturation period.The single plant weight and single head weight of these 2 ha-CMS lines were all larger than that of the maintainer line,showing certain superiority.The observation at flowering period showed that the buds of these 2 ha-CMS lines‘18C5’and‘18C6’were all abortive under low temperature in early flowering stage.But,the flowering was normal in middle and late stages.The flower colors of the male sterile line and maintainer line were the same.The stamen,filament length of‘18C5’and‘18BC6’were extremely significant smaller than that of the maintainer line.The anthers of the 2 ha-CMS lines were shriveled and degenerated.They were all sterile without pollen.The nectary of the 2 ha-CMS lines were normal.They could attract bees to pollinate and produce seeds normally.

关 键 词：橙色大白菜 细胞质雄性不育 分子鉴定 园艺性状 

分 类 号：S634.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]