京郊设施秋茬结球莴苣滴灌优化施肥研究  

Studies on Optimized Fertilization of Drip Irrigation for Head Lettuce Facility Cultivation in Autumn at Outskirts of Beijing

作　　者：赵青春 陈娟[1] 廖洪[1] 陈素贤 赵凯丽[1] 付玉翠 韩宝 谷星宇 ZHAO Qingchun;CHEN Juan;LIAO Hong;CHEN Suxian;ZHAO Kaili;FU Yucui;HAN Bao;GU Xingyu(Beijing Soil and Fertilizer Workstation,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Yongshengyuan Agricultural Planting Center,Beijing 101149,China;Planting Industry Technology Extension Station,Fangshan District of Beijing,Beijing 102400,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Changping District of Beijing,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市土肥工作站,北京100029 [2]北京永盛园农业种植中心,北京101149 [3]北京市房山区种植业技术推广站,北京102400 [4]北京市昌平区农业技术推广站,北京102200

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2021年第2期85-90,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：北京市农业农村局农业科技项目(20190105)。

摘　　要：为解决设施土壤栽培条件下结球莴苣肥料投入不合理、品质下降等问题,以秋茬结球莴苣为试验材料,研究设施滴灌优化施肥对产量、品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明,与京郊农民习惯施肥相比,优化施肥(苗期27-5-21水溶肥、莲座期和结球期24-4-27水溶肥)在N、P2O5、K2O分别节肥34%~49%、0~22%、22%~39%的条件下实现不减产,降低结球莴苣硝酸盐含量14%~20%,提高经济效益14%~24%。In order to solve the problems of unreasonable fertilizer input and quality decline of head lettuce under the condition of protected soil cultivation,this paper took head lettuce in autumn as test material and studied the effects of optimized fertilization of drip irrigation in facility cultivation on head lettuce yield,quality and economic benefits.The results showed that comparing with the current farmers’habit for fertilization,the optimized fertilization(27-5-21 water-soluble fertilizer in seedling stage,24-4-27 water-soluble fertilizer in rosette and heading stages)could save N,P2O5 and K2O by 34%-49%,0-22%and 22%-39%,respectively and still obtain the same yield;reduce the nitrate content of head lettuce by 14%-20%;and improve economic benefit by 14%-24%.

关 键 词：设施 结球莴苣 优化施肥 节肥 品质 经济效益 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]