某肿瘤专科医院2016-2018年医院感染横断面调查  

Cross-sectional investigation of nosocomial infections in a cancer hospital from 2016 to 2018

作　　者：张刚 曹文成 林芳[1] 韩莉 涂琼华[1] 李才华[1] ZHANG Gang;CAO Wen-cheng;LIN Fang;HAN Li;TU Qiong-hua;LI Cai-hua(Hubei Cancer Hospital,Wuhan Hubei 430079;Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省肿瘤医院,湖北武汉430079 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2020年第12期938-940,944,共4页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的调查某肿瘤专科医院住院患者的医院感染现患率及其特征。方法采用横断面调查法对2016-2018年某省级肿瘤医院住院患者开展医院感染现患率进行调查。结果3次调查的医院感染现患率差异无统计学意义,其中2017年不同科室现患率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3次调查感染部位平均构成比最高为呼吸道;医院感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性菌,其中以大肠埃希菌居多。2018年抗菌药物使用率低于2016年和2017年,治疗性用药病原学送检率逐年升高,治疗性用药使用前病原学送检率逐年提高(P<0.05)。结论该院医院感染现患率维持在较低的水平,应加强对重点科室、重点环节的目标性监测,减少侵入性操作,有效落实医院感染预防控制措施,降低医院感染的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of nosocomial infections among inpatients in a cancer hospital.Methods According to the investigation methods published by the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Network,a cross-sectional investigation of nosocomial infection was carried out on inpatients in a provincial cancer hospital from2016 to 2018.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections in the three investigations,but the difference in the prevalence rates of different departments in 2017 was statistically significant(P<0.05).The highest average constituent ratio of infection sites in the three investigations was respiratory tract;the main pathogens of nosocomial infection were Gram-negative bacteria,most of which were Escherichia coli.The utilization rate of antibiotics in 2018 was lower than those in 2016 and 2017.The etiological examination rate of therapeutic drugs increased year by year,and the etiological examination rate increased year by year before the use of therapeutic drugs(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in this hospital is maintained at a low level.In the next step,we should strengthen the targeted monitoring of key departments and key links.Reducing invasive operations,effectively implementing the prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection are neccesary for reducing the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 肿瘤医院 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]