东盟华文教育政策的历史演进与深层动因探赜  

Evolution of ASEAN’s Chinese Education Policy and Its Motivation

作　　者：刘振平 闫亚平 罗庆铭[3] LIU Zhenping;YAN Yaping;LUO Qingming(School of International Education,Nanning Normal University,Nanning 530001,China;School of Foreign Studies,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China;National Institute of Education,Nanyang Technological University,637616,Singapore)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学国际教育学院,广西南宁530001 [2]华北水利水电大学外国语学院,河南郑州450045 [3]南洋理工大学国立教育学院,新加坡637616

出　　处：《北部湾大学学报》2020年第7期52-58,80,共8页Journal of BeiBu Gulf University

基　　金：国家语委“十三五”科研规划2019年度一般项目:汉语国际传播在东盟国家的发展对策研究(YB135-111)。

摘　　要：东盟各国的华文教育历史普遍较长,华文教育政策的变化大都经历了由松到紧到再放松的过程。在20世纪以前,各国华文教育政策普遍较为宽松,华人可自主办学;20世纪初期,大多数国家开始对华文教育的发展做出一定的限制;20世纪中期前后,大多数国家进一步限制甚至直接禁止了华文教育的发展;20世纪后期又逐渐放松了对华文教育的限制,有些国家还把支持华文教育明确列入国家发展计划之中。究其原因主要是:各个国家为推行政府或官方语言、重塑华人国家认同,以及受与中国关系恶化、国内民族主义高涨等因素的影响,会出台一些限制华文教育的政策。而随着与中国双边关系的正常化、汉语经济价值的增长,为平衡中西方文化对国民的影响等新情况的产生,各国又会转而支持华文教育的发展。The history of Chinese education in ASEAN countries is generally long.Most of the changes in Chinese education policies have undergone through a process from looseness to tightness and then looseness.Before the 20th century,Chinese education policies in various countries were generally loose,and Chinese could run schools independently.In the early 20th century,most countries began to impose certain restrictions on the development of Chinese education.Around the mid-20th century,most countries further restricted or even banned Chinese education directly.In the late 20th century,they gradually relaxed the restrictions on Chinese education,and some countries even strongly support it.The reasons include promoting the government or official language,reshaping the national identity of Chinese people,the deterioration of relations with China,and upsurge of domestic nationalism,so many countries suppressed Chinese education.However,with the normalization of bilateral relations with China,the increasing of the economic value of Chinese language,and the balance of the impact of Chinese and Western cultures on the nationals,they will turn to support the Chinese education.

关 键 词：东盟 华文教育政策 历史演进 深层动因 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]