核电厂操纵员态势感知方法研究  

Research on Situational Awareness of Nuclear Power Plant Operators

作　　者：周涛 陈宁 刘文斌 任爱群 毛赏 魏东 张一童 ZHOU Tao;CHEN Ning;LIU Wen-bin;REN Ai-qun;MAO Shang;WEI Dong;ZHANG Yi-tong(Southeast University School of Energy and Enviroment,Nanjing,Jiangsu Prov.210096,China;School of Nuclear Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Nuclear thermal safety and standardization research team,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,江苏南京210096 [2]华北电力大学核科学与工程学院,北京102206 [3]核热工安全与标准化团队,中国

出　　处：《中国核电》2021年第1期31-34,共4页China Nuclear Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1402501);东南大学学科振兴计划(1103007005);高校双一流建设资金资助(教师启动基金4003002071)。

摘　　要：通过对人员进行心理培训和在操纵室中搭建数字化信息模型,可以减少操纵员的人为差错,从而有效的防止事故的发生。基于这些年来国内外对人因失误展开的研究,提出在影响人员操作方面存在的问题,如操纵人员的感知错误、信息呈现方式复杂、报警装置失效,信息传递失效等。并对此类问题给出相应解决方法:不同信息呈现方式获取操纵员的态势感知变化;利用核电知识与以往运行经验来分析报警信息与关联信息;获取操纵员作业所需功能要素与核电厂人机界面功能完备性表达;基于5G技术的通联,强化系统的"灵活性、亲近性、智能性",实现核电系统的智慧化运行。Through constructing psychological training of personnel and to build digital information model in the control room,can reduce the human error due to the operator,so as to effectively prevent the accident on the basis of these years,the study of man because of errors in both at home and abroad,and points out problems existing in the aspect of operations personnel,such as the manipulation of people’s perception of the error message appear complex way alarm device failure,information transmission failure and gives the corresponding solutions for such problem such as:different information presentation for operator situational awareness;Using the knowledge of nuclear power and previous operating experience to analyze the alarm information and associated information;The relationship between the functional elements required by the operator and the functional completeness of the plant human-machine interface is obtained;Based on the communication of 5 Gtechnology,strengthen the"flexibility,proximity,and intelligence"of the system,and realize the intelligent operation of the nuclear power system.

关 键 词：核电厂 操纵员 人因失误 态势感知 数字化 智慧化 

分 类 号：TM623[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]