高熵合金的发展及工业应用展望  

Perspective on Industrial Applications and Research Progress of High-Entropy Alloys

作　　者：鲁一荻 张骁勇[2] 侯硕 何卫锋[4] 王辉 吕昭平 Lu Yidi;Zhang Xiaoyong;Hou Shuo;He Weifeng;Wang Hui;Lu Zhaoping(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering,State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materia ls,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an Shi you University,Xi’an 710065,China;China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute,Shenzhen 518124,China;Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710038,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室北京材料基因工程高精尖创新中心,北京100083 [2]西安石油大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065 [3]中广核研究院有限公司,广东深圳518124 [4]空军工程大学等离子体动力学重点实验室,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2021年第1期333-341,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51174165,51971017);陕西省自然科学基金(2018JM5076);西安石油大学“材料科学与工程”省级优势学科资助。

摘　　要：高熵合金是近十几年来出现的一类新型金属材料,通常由5种或5种以上的元素以等原子比或近等原子比构成,形成以固溶体相为主的组织结构。高熵合金概念的提出,突破了传统合金的设计理念,极大拓展了合金设计的空间。由于具有大晶格畸变、高混合熵、原子缓慢扩散和“鸡尾酒”效应等多重效应,高熵合金显示出高强度、高韧性、高硬度、异常优异的低温韧性、优异的耐腐蚀和抗辐照等独特性能。通过对高熵合金目前研究现状的系统总结,探讨了高熵合金作为一种新型结构材料在核能和石油工业等多个领域极端服役条件下的应用前景,着重分析了高熵合金在钻杆接头耐磨带、抗腐蚀套管和高性能隔水管等油气开发关键构件应用的可行性。High-entropy alloys,which usually consist of 5 or more elements in equiatomic or near equiatomic ratio with a solid solution structures,have emerged as a new kind of metallic materials in recent decades.The proposed philosophy of high-entropy alloys has broken the paradigm of traditional alloy design and largely expanded the scope of alloy exploration.Meanwhile,high-entropy alloys exhibit several unique properties,such as high strength and hardness,unusual low-temperature toughness,high corrosion resistance and radiation resistance,due to the large lattice distortion,high mixing entropy,slow diffusion of atoms and cocktail effects.In this r esearch,we made a brief summary of the present research on high-entropy alloys,and discussed the potential applications of high-entropy alloys in extreme environments as new-emerged structural materials.In particular,the possibility of high-entropy alloys used in the key components of petroleum industries,e.g.drill pipe joint belt,bushing and high-performance riser,was analyzed.

关 键 词：高熵合金 工业应用 展望 

分 类 号：TG139[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]