营运非机动车驾驶人违规驾驶心理与行为研究  

Study on Psychology and Behavior of Non-Motorized Drivers in Violation of Traffic Laws

作　　者：李泽群 LI Zequn(People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民公安大学,北京100038

出　　处：《交通工程》2021年第1期63-69,共7页Journal of Transportation Engineering

基　　金：中国人民公安大学2019年拔尖人才培养专项资助研究生科研创新项目(2019ssky025).

摘　　要：针对基层从业者驾驶营运性非机动车发生违规行为也屡屡发生的问题.为探究营运性非机动车驾驶人的违规心理及风险驾驶行为,编制了营运性非机动车驾驶人驾驶心理与行为量表,获取了224份有效问卷.对量表进行因子分析,得出各构面的因子构成结论.对交通安全的态度由对规则的态度、责任意识、从众心理3个因子构成;对风险的感知由安全忧虑、风险敏感程度2个因子构成;驾驶信心由风险判断、鲁莽倾向2个因子构成;不安全驾驶行为发生频率由疏忽与失误、违规行为、获取领先、侵略行为4个因子构成.通过对各构面的因子与问卷人口统计学信息进行相关分析得知:女性较少发生侵略性不安全驾驶行为;工作时间越长,对风险敏感程度降低但风险判断能力、责任意识提高;有机动车驾驶经验的人常常发生为了获取领先的不安全驾驶行为.The express delivery industry has developed rapidly in China in recent years,and their employees often violate traffic laws when operating non-motor vehicle for delivering goods.In order to explore the driving psychology and risky driving behavior of non-motor vehicle drivers in violation of traffic laws,this paper has formed the Non-motor Delivery Vehicle Driver’s Psychology and Behavior Questionnaire.After the survey was performed,a total of 224 valid questionnaires were obtained.A factor analysis was performed to examine the survey data.Attitudes to traffic safety are composed of three factors(traffic regulation attitude,responsibility consciousness,group psychology);risk perception consists of two factors(safety concerns,risk sensitivity);driving confidence consists of two factors(risk judgment,reckless tendency);the frequency of risk driving behavior consists of four factors(negligence behavior,irregularities behavior,flaunt behavior,overtaking behavior).This research conducted the correlation analysis between factor score and drivers’demographic information,and had the following findings:Female are less likely to have aggressive and unsafe driving behaviors;The longer the working hours,the higher risk perception and responsibility consciousness;People with motor vehicle driving experience have higher frequency of unsafe driving behaviors in order to get ahead.

关 键 词：交通心理 营运性非机动车 交通违法 因子分析 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]