膨润土改性胶凝材料的研究进展  

Research Progress of Bentonite Modified Cementitious Materials

作　　者：刘益良 苏幼坡 殷尧 赵江山 王硕 莫宗云 LIU Yiliang;SU Youpo;YIN Yao;ZHAO Jiangshan;WANG Shuo;MO Zongyun(School of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;Department of Architectural Engineering,North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering,Langfang 065000,China;School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,唐山063210 [2]北华航天工业学院建筑工程学院,廊坊065000 [3]西安交通大学人居环境与建筑工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第5期5040-5052,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51578029);河北省教育厅在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目(CXZZBS 2019129);廊坊市科技支撑计划项目(2019011007,2018011050);华北理工大学研究生创新项目(2019B12)。

摘　　要：水泥、石灰等传统胶凝材料在生产、施工、性能方面存在许多不足,如生产能耗大、成本高,造成环境压力;施工过程易泌水、离析;硬化后易产生裂缝,且吸湿保温性不良。膨润土是一种常见的工业粘土,属于天然火山灰质材料,其由于独特的矿物结构、结晶化学性质,具有阳离子交换性、膨胀性、触变性、稳定性、可塑性、粘结性、吸附性、分散性。膨润土改性水泥、石灰等胶凝材料在土木工程、岩土工程、水利工程、矿山充填等领域的应用越来越多。然而,由于膨润土具有多种优越性能,现有研究一般仅关注膨润土的某一种性能,研究范围广、成果差异大,没有总结其规律性。国内外学者对膨润土改性胶凝材料的研究主要集中于:(1)对天然膨润土本身进行改性,扩大膨润土利用范围;(2)膨润土经热处理后作为辅助胶凝材料,在生产水泥过程中掺入;(3)将膨润土掺入到各种胶凝材料砂浆、混凝土中,以改善它们的工作性能、力学性能、耐久性能;(4)将膨润土与相关胶凝材料混合,制备出性能良好的陶粒等烧结材料、相变保温材料、吸附固化重金属材料等功能性建筑材料。为明确膨润土改性胶凝材料的研究现状,本文归纳了膨润土改性胶凝材料的研究进展,分别对膨润土的火山灰活性、膨润土改性胶凝材料的性能及机理、膨润土改性胶凝材料的应用等进行介绍,分析了膨润土改性胶凝材料研究面临的问题并展望其前景,以期为膨润土改性出性能优良和环境友好的胶凝材料提供参考。There are many deficiencies in production,construction and performance of cement,lime and other traditional cementitious materials.Large energy consumption and high cost of production cause environmental pressure.It is easy to bleed and segregate during the construction,cracks are easy to occur after hardening,and the moisture absorption and thermal insulation are poor.Bentonite is a kind of common industrial clay,which belongs to natural pozzolanic material.Due to its unique mineral structure and crystalline chemical properties,it has cation exchange,expansibility,thixotropy,stability,plasticity,cohesiveness,adsorption,and dispersion.Bentonite is widely used in civil engineering,geotechnical engineering,water conservancy engineering,mine filling and other fields as modified cement,lime and other cementitious materials.However,due to bentonite has a variety of superior properties,the existing research only focuses on one kind of properties of bentonite.The research scope is wide and the results vary widely,and its regularity has not been summarized.At present,the research on bentonite modified cementitious materials at home and abroad mainly focuses on:(1)modifying natural bentonite itself to expand the use of bentonite;(2)using bentonite as supplementary cementitious material after heat treatment mix in the production of cement;(3)mixing bentonite into various cementitious materials mortar and concrete.In the condensate,the working performance,durable performance,and mechanical properties of mortar and concrete are improved;(4)mixing bentonite with related cementitious materials to prepare functional building materials with good properties,such as ceramsite and other sintering materials,phase change heat preservation materials,adsorption and solidification of heavy metal materials.In order to clarify the research status of bentonite modified cementitious materials.This review offers a retrospection of the research efforts concerning the bentonite modified cementitious materials,and provides elaborate description

关 键 词：膨润土 胶凝材料 火山灰活性 塑性混凝土 相变材料 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿] TU502[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]