Evolutzion of reproductive traits in the mahagony family(Meliaceae)  

作　　者：Rebeca Laino Gama Alexandra Nora Muellner-Riehl Diego Demarco Jose Rubens Pirani 

机构地区：[1]Departamento de Botanica,Instituto de Biociencias,Universidade de Sao Paulo,Rua do Matao 277,Edificio Herbario(SPF),Sao Paulo 05508-090,Brazil [2]Department of Molecular Evolution and Plmnt Systematics&Herbarium(LZ),Institute of Biology,Leipzig University,Johannisallee 21-23,Leipzig D-04103,Germany [3]German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig,Deutscher Platz 5e,Leipzig D-04103,Germany

出　　处：《Journal of Systematics and Evolution》2021年第1期21-43,共23页植物分类学报（英文版）

基　　金：This study is part of a Master Dissertation of the first author and was mostly supported by Brazilian funding agencies:^Coordenaqao de Aperfei(;oamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior一Programa de Excelencia Academican(CAPES-PROEX)award 2016/1635629 granted to R.L.Gama,and uFunda(;ao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo"(FAPESP)award 2014/18002-2 to the senior author J.R.Pirani,who was also supported by"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnoldgico,>(CNPq一Grant 307655/2015-6).Additional financial support for this study was provided by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv;DFG FZT 118),and the project^Indonesian Plant Biodiversity and Human Health-BIOHEALTH"(BMBFgrant No.16GW0120K)to A.N.Muellner-Riehl.

摘　　要：Meliaceae are a mostly pantropical family in the Sapindales,bearing flowers typically provided with a staminal tube,formed by filaments that are fused partially or totally.Nevertheless,several genera of subfamily Cedreloideae have free stamens,which may be adnate to an androgynophore in some taxa.The fact that the family exhibits a wide diversity of floral and fruit features,as well as of sexual systems and pollination syndromes,presents interesting questions on the evolutionary processes that might have taken place during its history.In this study,we analyzed the distribution of 20 reproductive morphological traits of Meliaceae,upon an available molecular phylogenetic framework,using 31 terminals from the family's two main clades(Cedreloideae and Melioideae),plus six Simaroubaceae taxa as outgroup.We aimed to identify and/or confirm synapomorphies for clades within the family and to develop hypotheses on floral evolution and sexual systems in the group.Our reconstruction suggests that the ancestor of Meliaceae was possibly provided with united stamens and unisexual flowers in dioecious individuals,with a subsequent change to free stamens and monoecy in the ancestor of Cedreloideae.Most characters studied show some degree of homoplasy,but some are unique synapomorphies of clades,such as the haplostemonous androecium.An androgynophore defines the Cedrela-Toona clade.The comparative approach of our study and the evolutionary hypotheses generated herein reveal several aspects demanding further structural investigation,and possible evolutionary pathways of the reproductive structures along with the lineages1 diversification,mostly related to the specialization of sexual systems,floral biology,and dispersal strategies.

关 键 词：ancestral character state reconstruction floral evolution MACROEVOLUTION ROSIDS SAPINDALES sexual systems SYSTEMATICS 

分 类 号：Q945.5[生物学—植物学]