心肌干细胞与心脏再生的研究进展及展望  

Progress and prospect of research on cardiac stem cells and heart regeneration

作　　者：何灵娟 周斌[1] HE LingJuan;ZHOU Bin(The Slate Key Laboratory of Cell Biology,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Scienee,Shanghai Institute of Biochemisiry and Cell Biology Charaese Acaddey of Scierces,Sharghai 20003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所,中国科学院分子细胞科学卓越创新中心,细胞生物学国家重点实验室,上海200031

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2021年第1期12-25,共14页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

摘　　要：以心肌梗死为代表的心血管疾病是目前世界上的主要致死疾病,它是由于心脏的主要功能细胞——心肌细胞的大量死亡造成的,因此如何再生心肌细胞从而促进心脏再生是心脏领域急需解决的一个重要科学问题.寻找能够分化形成心肌细胞的干细胞——心肌干细胞来再生心脏成为近20年来研究的热点问题.近年来,多种类型的干细胞,如c-Kit^(+),Sca1^(+),Abcg2^(+),Bmi1^(+)等干细胞被报道是内源性的成体心肌干细胞,其中以"c-Kit^(+)心肌干细胞"的相关研究最为广泛,众多基础研究和临床试验纷纷展开.然而近年来,随着体内遗传谱系示踪技术的发展,越来越多的实验结果表明,成年哺乳动物心脏缺乏具有生物学意义的内源性心肌干细胞.本文主要介绍了成体心肌干细胞的相关研究,并展望了今后心脏再生策略的发展方向.Cardiaovascular diseases,such as myocardial infarction,remain as the leading cause of death worldwild.Myocardial infarction causes death of billions of cardiomyocytes.Due to the minimal repair and regenerative capacity of mammalian heart,a severe myocardial infarction usually leads to heart failure.Therefore,how to generate new cardiomyocytes and promote heart regeneration represent an urgent and important question in the cardiovascular field.Identificaiton of endogenous cardiac stem cells with the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes has been a hot topic in the past two decades.Many types of stem cells sush as c-Kit^(+),Sca1^(+),Abcg2^(+),Bmi1^(+)stem cells have been reported to be endogenous adult cardiac stem cells.Of note,"c-Kit^(+)cardiac stem cells"have received most attention,as both basic studies and clinical trials have been carried out in the past two decades.However,in the recent years,with the development of advanced genetic lineage tracing technoloty,more and more expreimental evidence suggest that the adult heart lacks an endogenous cardiac stem cell in mammals.In this review,we introduced the relevant research on adult cardiac stem cells and discussed the future development of strategies for heart regeneration.

关 键 词：心力衰竭 心脏再生 心肌干细胞 c-Kit+细胞 遗传谱系示踪 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]