基于数值模拟的船舶空调舱室热舒适性分析  

Thermal Comfort Analysis of Air-conditioning Marine Cabin Based on Numerical Simulation

作　　者：朱文兵 阚安康[1] 曹丹[1] 郑霓 黄孜沛 ZHU Wenbing;KAN Ankang;CAO Dan;ZHENG Ni;HUANG Zipei(Merchant Marine College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306

出　　处：《船舶工程》2020年第11期79-86,共8页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(51679107,51806136)。

摘　　要：船舶空调舱室热舒适性是影响船员工作效率和生活品质的重要因素。文章利用数值模拟的方法分析了不同送风温度、送风速度下船舶舱室内温度场与速度场的分布,选取了船舶舱室模型中具有代表性的4个截面,揭示不同位置的空气流速与温度差异。船舱下半部分温度变化较明显,约比送风温度高1℃~3℃。依据热舒适性方程,利用预期平均满意值(PMV)热舒适性计算分析工具,研究了送风温度、送风速度及空气的相对湿度对热舒适性指标PMV和预期不满意率(PPD)的影响。通过数值模拟与理论方法相结合,优化这3个参数的取值范围,并进一步分析三者之间的相互作用。结果显示,当送风速度、送风温度超出优化范围,可以分别适当地调节送风温度及空气的相对湿度来满足热舒适性要求,这为船舶空调热舒适性的设计与优化提供了重要依据。The thermal comfort of ship air-conditioning cabins is an important factor affecting crew’s work efficiency and life quality.In the paper,the distribution of temperature field and velocity field in ship cabins under different air supply temperatures and air supply velocities is analyzed by numerical simulation.Four representative sections in the ship cabin model are selected to reveal the difference of air velocity and temperature at different positions.The cabin of the lower part temperature changes obviously,about 1℃~3℃higher than supply air temperature.According to the thermal comfort equation,using the thermal comfort PMV calculation analysis tools,it studies the supply air temperature,air velocity and air relative humidity on thermal comfort index PMV and PPD.Through the combination of numerical simulation and theoretical method,the range of three parameters is optimized.The interaction among air supply temperature,air supply velocity and air relative humidity is further analyzed.The result shows that when the air supply speed and air supply temperature are beyond the optimal range,the air supply temperature and air relative humidity can be adjusted appropriately respectively to meet the requirements of thermal comfort.It provides an important basis for the design and optimization of thermal comfort of ship air conditioning.

关 键 词：船舶空调 热舒适性 数值分析 节能 

分 类 号：TU83[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] TP389.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]