柳州市急性非职业性一氧化碳中毒与气象相关分析  

Association between occurrence of acute non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning and meteorological factors in Liuzhou City

作　　者：阮海林[1] 胡灼君 邓旺生[1] 刘华[1] 陈剑兵 洪伟良 王瑶 钟雨 RUAN Hailin;HU Zhuojun;DENG Wangsheng;LIU Hua;CHEN Jianbing;HONG Weiliang;WANG Yao;ZHONG Yu(The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liuzhou Workers’Hospital,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545005,China;Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545001,China;Liuzhou Environmental Monitoring Station,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545000,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第四附属医院柳州市工人医院,广西柳州545005 [2]柳州市气象局,广西柳州545001 [3]柳州市环保局,广西柳州545000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2020年第6期611-615,共5页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：广西急诊与医学救援人才小高地·广西高校急诊医学重点实验室项目资助(GXJZ201416);广西壮族自治区卫生厅立项科研课题(Z2014395)。

摘　　要：目的探讨柳州市急性非职业性一氧化碳(CO)中毒例数与气象因子的相关性,为急性非职业性CO中毒防治提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2017年柳州市四家定点医院收治的急性非职业性CO中毒患者的相关临床资料以及同期气象因子相关资料,进行中毒患者例数和气象因子的相关性分析和多元线性回归分析。结果3年间共收治急性非职业性CO中毒患者4181例;12月至翌年3月这4个月共计3410例(占81.6%)。以每年均值计算,中毒高峰期位于1月,多达309例(每百万人口130例);5-10月为低谷期,月均不超过20例。急性非职业性CO中毒均以夜间21时到次日凌晨3时为发病高峰期,共计2278例(占54.48%)。Pearson相关分析结果显示:与急性非职业性CO中毒例数呈负相关的气象因子有当日平均气温、平均风速、24 h大气压差(r=-0.409、-0.269、-0.162,P<0.01),发病例数与当日大气压、24 h温差、相对湿度则呈正相关(r=0.353、0.240、0.085,P<0.01或<0.05)。多元线性回归模型显示:平均气温、平均风速每增加1%,急性非职业性CO中毒例数会分别减少0.432%、0.128%;24 h温差、相对湿度每增加1%,急性非职业性CO中毒例数会分别增加0.292%、0.054%(R2=0.285,F=89.34,P<0.05)。结论急性非职业性CO中毒例数与当日气象条件密切相关。政府相关部门要结合气象因子的变化,加强宣教、预警,做好公共事件气象服务工作。Objective To explore the association between occurrence of acute non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning and meteorological factors in Liuzhou City,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of such poisoning.Methods Clinical data of acute non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning patients admitted to 4 hospitals designated by the municipal health and family planning commission in Liuzhou,Guangxi during January 2015 to December 2017 were collected.Meanwhile,relevant data of meteorological factors in the same period were collected.The association was evaluated with multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results A total of 4181 cases were treated in the past 3 years;3410 cases(81.6%)occurred during December to March.The peak time was January(309 of annual average cases,130 per million population)while the valley time was May to October(under 20 cases per month).Totally 2278 cases(54.48%)occurred during 21:00 pm to 3:00 am.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the number of poisoning cases were negatively associated with daily average air temperature,daily average wind speed and 24 h atmospheric pressure difference(r=-0.409,-0.269,-0.162,P<0.01),while positively associated with daily atmospheric pressure,24 h temperature difference and relative humidity(r=0.353,0.240,0.085,P<0.01 or<0.05).Multiple linear regression model showed that for every1%increase in daily average air temperature or daily wind speed,the number of poisoning cases would decrease by 0.432%and 0.128%,respectively;for every 1%increase in 24 temperature difference or relative humidity,the number would increase by 0.292%and 0.054%,respectively(R^2=0.2853,F=89.34,P<0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of acute non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning was related to meteorological factors.The government should strengthen the propaganda and education of prevention and control of acute non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning,strengthen early warning in combination with the change of meteorological factors,and do a good job in the me

关 键 词：急性 一氧化碳中毒 气象因素 温度 风速 相对湿度 大气压 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]