面向碰撞再现验证的车辆冲撞行人实验平台搭建  

Experimental Platform for Vehicle-pedestrian Collisions for Improved Crash Reconstruction Verification

作　　者：袁泉[1,2] 王田 张金换 金益锋[1,2] 石屹 王明直 YUAN Quan;WANG Tian;ZHANG Jin-huan;JIN Yi-feng;SHI Yi;WANG Ming-zhi(State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2021年第1期17-22,共6页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点专项课题(2017YFC0803800);国家自然科学基金(52072214)。

摘　　要：当前我国车辆冲撞行人案件呈现危害性大、碰撞机理复杂、现场痕迹混乱等现实问题,由于事故过程不具有现场复原性,因此,加强面向车辆冲撞行人案件分析和碰撞再现验证平台研发具有十分重要的意义。为有效开展车辆冲撞行人动力学建模研究,搭建一个与已有行人发射台相匹配的车辆碰撞实验台架,从而对典型车辆和行人模型之间冲撞特性进行研究,并开展车辆风挡玻璃-行人头部、车辆保险杠-行人小腿两种碰撞实验,用以验证冲撞动力学理论建模与计算机仿真研究的合理性。所搭建实验平台可多次重复进行碰撞实验,相比于实车碰撞实验具有成本低、易于控制和可重复性验证等优点,同时,基于此平台实施了国家重点研发计划课题中碰撞再现模型验证等研究工作,为行人安全研究提供了低成本、实用化的实验平台。At present,the analysis of vehicle-pedestrian collisions in China faces several practical problems,such as great harm,complex collision mechanisms,and chaotic scene traces.As the crash process does not have on-site recovery,the development of an improved platform for analyzing vehicle-pedestrian collisions and performing accurate crash reconstructions is an urgent requirement.To analyze the dynamics of vehicle-pedestrian collisions effectively,a vehicle collision test bench matching the existing pedestrian launch pad was built.After studying the collision characteristics between a typical vehicle and a pedestrian model,two collision experiments were performed to validate the collision dynamics simulations;namely,the windshield-head test and the bumper-calf test.The proposed experimental platform can be used for repeated collision experiments.Compared with real vehicle collision experiments,it provides advantages such as low cost,easy control,and repeatability.In addition,the platform was used to verify the crash reconstruction model used in the related project,thereby demonstrating its applicability as a low-cost and practical experimental platform for pedestrian safety studies.

关 键 词：车辆冲撞行人 碰撞再现 实验平台 案件分析 

分 类 号：U270.14[机械工程—车辆工程]